Zerdeçal Ekstresi (Kurkumin/Turmeric)
Özet
Zerdeçal olarak bilinen Curcuma longa, zencefil familyasına ait otsu bir bitkidir (1). Curcuma longa, flavonoidler, alkaloidler, tanenler ve fenolik asitler gibi çeşitli ikincil metabolitler üretir (2). Kurkumin, kurutulmuş ve öğütülmüş curcuma longa’nın rizomlarından ekstrakte edilen, ikincil metabolitler arasında etkileri ile dikkat çeken biyoaktif bir bileşendir (3,4).
Yüzlerce yıldır, geleneksel Hint ve Çin tıbbında zerdeçal tozu safra yolu hastalıkları, karaciğer hastalıkları, anoreksi, yara iyileşmesi, sinüzit, üveit, konjonktivit, üriner sistem enfeksiyonları ve romatolojik hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılmıştır. (5,6)
Kanser dünyada en sık ölüm nedenleri arasında yer almaktadır, kanserin gelişim sürecinde birçok hücresel sinyal yolağı bozukluğunun yer alması tek hedefli ilaçlar ile tedavi edilmesini güçleştirmektedir (7). Kurkuminin farmakolojik etkileri arasında anti-inflamatuvar etki ile birlikte apoptotik, anti-proliferatif, anti-oksidan ve anti-anjiyojenik etkilerinin olması, kanser kemoprevensiyonu ve tedavi edici basamakta yeri olup olmadığına dair birçok çalışma yapılmasına neden olmuştur (8). Bu molekülün birçok mikroRNA ekspresyonunu düzenlemesi ve Akt, Bcl-2, PTEN, p53, Notch ve Erbb gibi sinyal yolaklarını modifiye etmesi nedeni ile yüksek terapotik fayda potansiyeli bir çok yayında vurgulanmaktadır (9). Kurkuminin in vivo ve in vitro çalışmalarda çok sayıda kanser tipi ile ilişkisi rapor edilmiştir. Burada başlıca meme, akciğer, prostat, mide ve kolorektal kanserdeki etkilerinden bahsedilecektir.
Turmeric, scientifically named Curcuma longa, is a herbaceous plant of the ginger family (1). Curcuma longa yields flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and phenolic acids, among other metabolites (2). The bioactive ingredient curcumin, which is isolated from the rhizomes of pulverized curcuma longa, garners interest due to its effects on secondary metabolites (3,4). Turmeric powder has been used in traditional Indian and Chinese medicine for hundreds of years to treat a variety of conditions, including rheumatological disorders, sinusitis, uveitis, conjunctivitis, wound healing, liver and biliary tract diseases, anorexia, and wound healing. (5,6)
One of the leading causes of death worldwide is cancer. It is challenging to treat cancer with single-target medications due to the numerous cellular signaling pathway abnormalities that occur during the disease's development (7). Numerous studies have examined curcumin's potential role in cancer chemoprevention and therapeutic measures due to its combination of pharmacological, anti-inflammatory, apoptotic, anti-proliferative, anti-oxidant, and anti-angiogenic properties (8). Because it controls the expression of numerous microRNAs and alters signaling pathways like Akt, Bcl-2, PTEN, p53, Notch, and Erbb, this molecule has a high potential for therapeutic benefit, as highlighted in numerous publications (9). Studies both in vivo and in vitro have reported on the correlation between curcumin and various forms of cancer. We'll talk about how it affects stomach, colorectal, lung, and breast cancers here.
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