Hidroterapinin Vücut Sistemlerine Etkisi
Özet
Su eski çağlardan beri bir tedavi yöntemi olarak kullanılmaktadır. Günümüzde hidroterapinin önemi gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Hidroterapi kas-iskelet sistemi, kardiovasküler sistem, solunum sistemi gibi pek çok vücut sistemi üzerinde olumlu etkilere sahiptir. Günümüzde hidroterapi osteoartrit, inflamatuar artritler, fibromiyalji, kalp yetmezliği, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı gibi çeşitli hastalıklarda ve özel popülasyonlarda (yaşlılar ve gebeler gibi) güvenle kullanılmaktadır ve ağrı, fonksiyon, yaşam kalitesi kalitesi gibi parametreler üzerinde önemli iyileştirmelere neden olmaktadır. Her ne kadar etkinliği yapılan çok sayıda çalışma ile kanıtlansa da, etki mekanizmalarının aydınlatılması amacıyla daha kaliteli çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Water has been used as a treatment method since ancient times. Nowadays, the importance of hydrotherapy is increasing day by day. Hydrotherapy has positive effects on many body systems such as the musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular system and respiratory system. Today, hydrotherapy is used safely in various diseases such as osteoarthritis, inflammatory arthritis, fibromyalgia, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in special populations (such as the elderly and pregnant women) and causes significant improvements in parameters such as pain, function, quality of life. Although its effectiveness has been proven by numerous studies, higher quality studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of action.
Referanslar
Bahadorfar M. A study of hydrotherapy and its health benefits. Int J Res IJH. 2014;1(8):294–305.
Mooventhan A, Nivethitha L. Scientific evidence-based effects of hydrotherapy on various systems of the body. N Am J Med Sci. 2014;6:199–209.
Weston M, Taber C, Casagranda L, et al. Changes in local blood volume during cold gel pack application to traumatized ankles. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1994;19:197-9.
Jacob E, Volger E. Blood pressure lowering by hydrotherapy: a randomised, controlled trail in mild to moderate hypertension. Phys Med Rehabil Kuror. 2009;19:162–168.
Sawant R, Shinde S. Effect of hydrotherapy based exercises for chronic nonspecific low back pain. Indian J Physiother Occup Ther. 2019;13:134–138.
Batterham SI, Heywood S, Keating JL. Systematic review and metaanalysis comparing land and aquatic exercise for people with hip or knee arthritis on function, mobility and other health outcomes. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011;12:123.
McVeigh JG, McGaughey H, Hall M, et al. The effectiveness of hydrotherapy in the management of fibromyalgia syndrome: a systematic review. Rheumatol Int. 2008;29:119-30.
Arnold CM, Busch AJ, Schachter CL, et al. A Randomized clinical trial of aquatic versus land exercise to improve balance, function, and quality of life in older women with osteoporosis. Physiother Can. 2008;60:296-306.
Poyhonen T, Sipila S, Keskinen KL, et al. Effects of aquatic resistance training on neuromuscular performance in healthy women. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34:2103-9.
Eversden L, Maggs F, Nightingale P, et al. A pragmatic randomised controlled trial of hydrotherapy and land exercises on overall well being and quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2007;8:23.
Honda T, Kamioka H. Curative and health enhancement effects of aquatic exercise: Evidence based on interventional studies. Open Access J Sports Med. 2012;3:27-34.
Silva LE, Valim V, Pessanha AP, et al. Hydrotherapy versus conventional land-based exercise for the management of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: A randomized clinical trial. Phys Ther. 2008;88:12-21.
Barker AL, Talevski J, Morello RT, et al. Effectiveness of aquatic exercise for musculoskeletal conditions: a meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014;95(9):1776-86.
Hay L, Wylie K.Towards evidence-based emergency medicine: Best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary. BET 4: Hydrotherapy following rotator cuff repair. Emerg Med J. 2011;28:634-5.
Yurtkuran M, Yurtkuran M, Alp A, et al. Balneotherapy and tap water therapy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Rheumatol Int. 2006;27:19-27.
Oosterveld FG, Rasker JJ, Floors M, et al. Infrared sauna in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. A pilot study showing good tolerance, short-term improvement of pain and stiffness, and a trend towards long-term beneficial effects. Clin Rheumatol. 2009;28:29-34.
Matsumoto S, Shimodozono M, Etoh S, et al. Effects of thermal therapy combining sauna therapy and underwater exercise in patients with fibromyalgia. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2011;17:162-6.
Cuesta-Vargas AI, Adams N. A pragmatic community-based intervention of multimodal physiotherapy plus deep water running (DWR) for fibromyalgia syndrome: A pilot study. Clin Rheumatol. 2011;30:1455-62.
Wouters EJ, Van Nunen AM, Geenen R, et al. Effects of Aquajogging in Obese Adults: A Pilot Study. J Obes. 2010;2010:231074.
Skurvydas A, Kamandulis S, Stanislovaitis A, et al. Leg immersion in warm water, stretch-shortening exercise, and exercise-induced muscle damage. J Athl Train. 2008;43:592-9.
Chevutschi A, Lensel G, Vaast D, et al. An Electromyographic Study of Human Gait both in Water and on Dry Ground. J Physiol Anthropol. 2007;26:467-73.
Bleakley C, McDonough S, Gardner E, et al. Cold-water immersion (cryotherapy) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;2:CD008262.
De Nardi M, La Torre A, Barassi A, et al. Effects of cold-water immersion and contrast-water therapy after training in young soccer players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2011;51:609-15.
Morton RH. Contrast water immersion hastens plasma lactate decrease after intense anaerobic exercise. J Sci Med Sport. 2007;10:467-70.
Versey NG, Halson SL, Dawson BT. Effect of contrast water therapy duration on recovery of running performance. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2012;7:130-40.
Janssen RG, Schwartz DA, Velleman PF. A randomized controlled study of contrast baths on patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. J Hand Ther. 2009;22:200-7.
Herrera E, Sandoval MC, Camargo DM, et al. Motor and sensory nerve conduction are affected differently by ice pack, ice massage, and cold water immersion. Phys Ther. 2010;90:581-91.
Bender T, Karag¨ulle Z, B´alint GP, et al. Hydrotherapy, balneotherapy, and spa treatment in pain management. Rheumatol Int. 2005;25:220-4.
Castro-Sánchez AM, Matarán-Peñarrocha GA, Lara- Palomo I, et al. Hydrotherapy for the treatment of pain in people with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:473963.
Iiyama J, Matsushita K, Tanaka N, et al. Effects of single low-temperature sauna bathing in patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities. Int J Biometeorol. 2008;52:431-7.
Vivas J, Arias P, Cudeiro J. Aquatic therapy versus conventional land-based therapy for Parkinson’s disease: An open-label pilot study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2011;92:1202-10.
Shevchuk NA. Hydrotherapy as a possible neuroleptic and sedative treatment. Med Hypotheses. 2008;70:230-8.
Shevchuk NA. Possible use of repeated cold stress for reducing fatigue in chronic fatigue syndrome: A hypothesis. Behav Brain Funct. 2007;3:55.
Shevchuk NA. Adapted cold shower as a potential treatment for depression. Med Hypotheses. 2008;70:995-1001.
Becker BE. Aquatic therapy: scientific foundations and clinical rehabilitation applications. PM R. 2009;1(9):859-72.
Ohori T, Nozawa T, Ihori H, et al. Effect of repeated sauna treatment on exercise tolerance and endothelial function in patients with chronic heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 2012;109:100-4.
Pilch W, Szyguła Z, Klimek AT, et al. Changes in the lipid profile of blood serum in women taking sauna baths of various duration. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2010;23:167-74.
Sobajima M, Nozawa T, Shida T, et al. Repeated sauna therapy attenuates ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats by increasing coronary vascularity of noninfarcted myocardium. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2011;301:H548-54.
BleakleyCM, Davison GW. What is the biochemical and physiological rationale for using cold-water immersion in sports recovery? A systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2010;44:179-87.
Grüner Sveälv B, Cider A, Täng MS, et al. Benefit of warm water immersion on biventricular function in patients with chronic heart failure. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2009;7:33.
Digiesi V, Cerchiai G, Mannini L, et al. Hemorheologic and blood cell changes in humans during partial immersion with a therapeutic method, in 38 C water. Minerva Med. 1986;77:1407-11.
Boldt LH, Fraszl W, Röcker L, et al. Changes in the haemostatic system after thermoneutral and hyperthermic water immersion. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2008;102:547-54.
Shih CY, Lee WL, Lee CW, et al. Effect of time ratio of heat to cold on brachial artery blood velocity during contrast baths. Phys Ther. 2012;92:448-53.
Choukroun ML, Varene P. Adjustments in oxygen transport during head-out immersion in water at different temperatures. J Appl Physiol. 1990;68:1475-80.
Choukroun ML, Kays C, Varène P. Effects of water temperature on pulmonary volumes in immersed human subjects. Respir Physiol. 1989;75:255-65.
Goedsche K, Förster M, Kroegel C, et al. Repeated cold water stimulations (hydrotherapy according to Kneipp) in patients with COPD. Forsch Komplementmed. 2007;14:158-66.
IaroshAM, Kurch TK.The effect of cold exposure on the respiratory function in children suffering from inflammatory lung diseases. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 1995;1:9-11.
Taylor NA, Morrison JB. Static respiratory muscle work during immersion with positive and negative respiratory loading. J Appl Physiol. 1999;87:1397-1403.
Mickleborough TD, Stager JM, Chatham K, et al. Pulmonary adaptations to swim and inspiratory muscle training. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2008;103:635-646.
Van Houtte S, Vanlandewijck Y, Gosselink R. Respiratory muscle training in persons with spinal cord injury: A systematic review. Resp Med. 2006;100:1886-1895.
Dubnov-Raz G, Constantini NW, Yariv H, et al. Influence of water drinking on resting energy expenditure in overweight children. Int J Obes (Lond). 2011;35:1295-300.
Srámek P, Simecková M, Janský L, et al. Human physiological responses to immersion into water of different temperatures. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2000;81:436-42.
Hishinuma M, Hiramatsu N, Kasuga M, et al. The effect on bowel sounds of very hot compresses applied to the lumbar region. Nihon Kango Kagakkaishi. 1997;17:32-9.
Maestre Y, Parés D, Salvans S, et al. Cold or hot sitz baths in the emergency treatment of acute anal pain due to anorectal disease? Results of a randomised clinical trial. Cir Esp. 2010;88:97-102.
Gupta PJ. Effects of warm water sitz bath on symptoms in post-anal sphincterotomy in chronic anal fi ssure — a randomized and controlled study. World J Surg. 2007;31:1480-4.
Gupta P. Randomized, controlled study comparing sitzbath and no-sitz-bath treatments in patients with acute anal fissures. ANZ J Surg. 2006;76:718-21.
Lang DS, Tho PC, Ang EN. Effectiveness of the Sitz bath in managing adult patients with anorectal disorders. Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2011;8:115-28.
Shafik A. Role of warm-water bath in ano-rectal conditions. The thermo-sphincteric reflex. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1993;16:304-8.
Hsu KF, Chia JS, Jao SW, et al. Comparison of clinical effects between warm water spray and sitz bath in post-hemorrhoidectomy period. J Gastrointest Surg. 2009;13:1274-8.
Guliaeva SF, Pomaskina TV, Guliaev PV, et al. Efficacy of sulfate calcium mineral water in disorders of motor evacuatory function of the stomach and gallbladder. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 2004;6:20-2.
Razumov AN, Surkov NV, Frolkov VK, et al. Therapeutic and preventive effects of sulfate-chloridesodium mineral water in experimental peptic ulcer. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 2009;3:22-5.
Park SU, Lee SH, Chung YG, et al. Warm sitz bath: Are there benefits after transurethral resection of the prostate? Korean J Urol. 2010;51:763-6.
Shafik A. Role of warm water bath in inducing micturition in postoperative urinary retention after anorectal operations. Urol Int. 1993;50:213-7.
LaFoy J, Geden EA. Post episiotomy pain: Warm versus cold sitz bath. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1989;18:399-403.
Ramler D, Roberts J. A comparison of cold and warm sitz baths for relief of postpartum perineal pain. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1986;15:471-4.
Brenner IK, Castellani JW, Gabaree C, et al. Immune changes in humans during cold exposure: Effects of prior heating and exercise. J Appl Physiol. 1999;87:699-710.
Shevchuk NA, Radoja S. Possible stimulation of anti-tumor immunity using repeated cold stress: A hypothesis. Infect Agent Cancer. 2007;2:20.
Dorfman M, Arancibia S, Fiedler JL, et al. Chronic intermittent cold stress activates ovarian sympathetic nerves and modifies ovarian follicular development in the rat. Biol Reprod. 2003;68:2038-43.
Gerra G, Volpi R, Delsignore R, et al. Sex-related responses of beta-endorphin, ACTH, GH and PRL to cold exposure in humans. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1992;126:24-8.
Blazícková S, Rovenský J, Koska J, et al. Effect of hyperthermic water bath on parameters on cellular immunity. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 2000;20:41-6.
Kowatzki D, Macholdt C, Krull K, et al. Effect of regular sauna on epidermal barrier function and stratum corneum water-holding capacity in vivo in humans: A controlled study. Dermatology. 2008;217:173-80.
Smith JE. Cooling methods used in the treatment of exertional heat illness. Br J Sports Med. 2005;39:503-7.
HarkerJ, Gibson P. Heat-stroke: A review of rapid cooling techniques. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 1995;11:198-202.
Belitsky RB, Odam SJ, Hubley-Kozey C. Evaluation of the effectiveness of wet ice, dry ice, and cryogen packs in reducing skin temperature. Phys Ther. 1987;67:1080-4.
Kaneda K, Sato D, Wakabayashi H, et al. A comparison of the effects of different water exercise programs on balance ability in elderly people. J Aging Physi Activity. 2008;16:381-392.
Hartmann S, Bung P. Physical exercise during pregnancy—Physiological considerations and recommendations. J Perinat Med. 1999;27: 204-215.
San Juan Dertkigil M, Cecatti JG, Sarno MA, et al. Variation in the amniotic fluid index following moderate physical activity in water during pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007; 86:547-552.
Mooventhan A, Nivethitha L. Scientific evidence-based effects of hydrotherapy on various systems of the body. N Am J Med Sci. 2014;6:199–209.
Weston M, Taber C, Casagranda L, et al. Changes in local blood volume during cold gel pack application to traumatized ankles. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1994;19:197-9.
Jacob E, Volger E. Blood pressure lowering by hydrotherapy: a randomised, controlled trail in mild to moderate hypertension. Phys Med Rehabil Kuror. 2009;19:162–168.
Sawant R, Shinde S. Effect of hydrotherapy based exercises for chronic nonspecific low back pain. Indian J Physiother Occup Ther. 2019;13:134–138.
Batterham SI, Heywood S, Keating JL. Systematic review and metaanalysis comparing land and aquatic exercise for people with hip or knee arthritis on function, mobility and other health outcomes. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011;12:123.
McVeigh JG, McGaughey H, Hall M, et al. The effectiveness of hydrotherapy in the management of fibromyalgia syndrome: a systematic review. Rheumatol Int. 2008;29:119-30.
Arnold CM, Busch AJ, Schachter CL, et al. A Randomized clinical trial of aquatic versus land exercise to improve balance, function, and quality of life in older women with osteoporosis. Physiother Can. 2008;60:296-306.
Poyhonen T, Sipila S, Keskinen KL, et al. Effects of aquatic resistance training on neuromuscular performance in healthy women. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34:2103-9.
Eversden L, Maggs F, Nightingale P, et al. A pragmatic randomised controlled trial of hydrotherapy and land exercises on overall well being and quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2007;8:23.
Honda T, Kamioka H. Curative and health enhancement effects of aquatic exercise: Evidence based on interventional studies. Open Access J Sports Med. 2012;3:27-34.
Silva LE, Valim V, Pessanha AP, et al. Hydrotherapy versus conventional land-based exercise for the management of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: A randomized clinical trial. Phys Ther. 2008;88:12-21.
Barker AL, Talevski J, Morello RT, et al. Effectiveness of aquatic exercise for musculoskeletal conditions: a meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014;95(9):1776-86.
Hay L, Wylie K.Towards evidence-based emergency medicine: Best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary. BET 4: Hydrotherapy following rotator cuff repair. Emerg Med J. 2011;28:634-5.
Yurtkuran M, Yurtkuran M, Alp A, et al. Balneotherapy and tap water therapy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Rheumatol Int. 2006;27:19-27.
Oosterveld FG, Rasker JJ, Floors M, et al. Infrared sauna in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. A pilot study showing good tolerance, short-term improvement of pain and stiffness, and a trend towards long-term beneficial effects. Clin Rheumatol. 2009;28:29-34.
Matsumoto S, Shimodozono M, Etoh S, et al. Effects of thermal therapy combining sauna therapy and underwater exercise in patients with fibromyalgia. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2011;17:162-6.
Cuesta-Vargas AI, Adams N. A pragmatic community-based intervention of multimodal physiotherapy plus deep water running (DWR) for fibromyalgia syndrome: A pilot study. Clin Rheumatol. 2011;30:1455-62.
Wouters EJ, Van Nunen AM, Geenen R, et al. Effects of Aquajogging in Obese Adults: A Pilot Study. J Obes. 2010;2010:231074.
Skurvydas A, Kamandulis S, Stanislovaitis A, et al. Leg immersion in warm water, stretch-shortening exercise, and exercise-induced muscle damage. J Athl Train. 2008;43:592-9.
Chevutschi A, Lensel G, Vaast D, et al. An Electromyographic Study of Human Gait both in Water and on Dry Ground. J Physiol Anthropol. 2007;26:467-73.
Bleakley C, McDonough S, Gardner E, et al. Cold-water immersion (cryotherapy) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;2:CD008262.
De Nardi M, La Torre A, Barassi A, et al. Effects of cold-water immersion and contrast-water therapy after training in young soccer players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2011;51:609-15.
Morton RH. Contrast water immersion hastens plasma lactate decrease after intense anaerobic exercise. J Sci Med Sport. 2007;10:467-70.
Versey NG, Halson SL, Dawson BT. Effect of contrast water therapy duration on recovery of running performance. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2012;7:130-40.
Janssen RG, Schwartz DA, Velleman PF. A randomized controlled study of contrast baths on patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. J Hand Ther. 2009;22:200-7.
Herrera E, Sandoval MC, Camargo DM, et al. Motor and sensory nerve conduction are affected differently by ice pack, ice massage, and cold water immersion. Phys Ther. 2010;90:581-91.
Bender T, Karag¨ulle Z, B´alint GP, et al. Hydrotherapy, balneotherapy, and spa treatment in pain management. Rheumatol Int. 2005;25:220-4.
Castro-Sánchez AM, Matarán-Peñarrocha GA, Lara- Palomo I, et al. Hydrotherapy for the treatment of pain in people with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:473963.
Iiyama J, Matsushita K, Tanaka N, et al. Effects of single low-temperature sauna bathing in patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities. Int J Biometeorol. 2008;52:431-7.
Vivas J, Arias P, Cudeiro J. Aquatic therapy versus conventional land-based therapy for Parkinson’s disease: An open-label pilot study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2011;92:1202-10.
Shevchuk NA. Hydrotherapy as a possible neuroleptic and sedative treatment. Med Hypotheses. 2008;70:230-8.
Shevchuk NA. Possible use of repeated cold stress for reducing fatigue in chronic fatigue syndrome: A hypothesis. Behav Brain Funct. 2007;3:55.
Shevchuk NA. Adapted cold shower as a potential treatment for depression. Med Hypotheses. 2008;70:995-1001.
Becker BE. Aquatic therapy: scientific foundations and clinical rehabilitation applications. PM R. 2009;1(9):859-72.
Ohori T, Nozawa T, Ihori H, et al. Effect of repeated sauna treatment on exercise tolerance and endothelial function in patients with chronic heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 2012;109:100-4.
Pilch W, Szyguła Z, Klimek AT, et al. Changes in the lipid profile of blood serum in women taking sauna baths of various duration. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2010;23:167-74.
Sobajima M, Nozawa T, Shida T, et al. Repeated sauna therapy attenuates ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats by increasing coronary vascularity of noninfarcted myocardium. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2011;301:H548-54.
BleakleyCM, Davison GW. What is the biochemical and physiological rationale for using cold-water immersion in sports recovery? A systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2010;44:179-87.
Grüner Sveälv B, Cider A, Täng MS, et al. Benefit of warm water immersion on biventricular function in patients with chronic heart failure. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2009;7:33.
Digiesi V, Cerchiai G, Mannini L, et al. Hemorheologic and blood cell changes in humans during partial immersion with a therapeutic method, in 38 C water. Minerva Med. 1986;77:1407-11.
Boldt LH, Fraszl W, Röcker L, et al. Changes in the haemostatic system after thermoneutral and hyperthermic water immersion. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2008;102:547-54.
Shih CY, Lee WL, Lee CW, et al. Effect of time ratio of heat to cold on brachial artery blood velocity during contrast baths. Phys Ther. 2012;92:448-53.
Choukroun ML, Varene P. Adjustments in oxygen transport during head-out immersion in water at different temperatures. J Appl Physiol. 1990;68:1475-80.
Choukroun ML, Kays C, Varène P. Effects of water temperature on pulmonary volumes in immersed human subjects. Respir Physiol. 1989;75:255-65.
Goedsche K, Förster M, Kroegel C, et al. Repeated cold water stimulations (hydrotherapy according to Kneipp) in patients with COPD. Forsch Komplementmed. 2007;14:158-66.
IaroshAM, Kurch TK.The effect of cold exposure on the respiratory function in children suffering from inflammatory lung diseases. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 1995;1:9-11.
Taylor NA, Morrison JB. Static respiratory muscle work during immersion with positive and negative respiratory loading. J Appl Physiol. 1999;87:1397-1403.
Mickleborough TD, Stager JM, Chatham K, et al. Pulmonary adaptations to swim and inspiratory muscle training. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2008;103:635-646.
Van Houtte S, Vanlandewijck Y, Gosselink R. Respiratory muscle training in persons with spinal cord injury: A systematic review. Resp Med. 2006;100:1886-1895.
Dubnov-Raz G, Constantini NW, Yariv H, et al. Influence of water drinking on resting energy expenditure in overweight children. Int J Obes (Lond). 2011;35:1295-300.
Srámek P, Simecková M, Janský L, et al. Human physiological responses to immersion into water of different temperatures. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2000;81:436-42.
Hishinuma M, Hiramatsu N, Kasuga M, et al. The effect on bowel sounds of very hot compresses applied to the lumbar region. Nihon Kango Kagakkaishi. 1997;17:32-9.
Maestre Y, Parés D, Salvans S, et al. Cold or hot sitz baths in the emergency treatment of acute anal pain due to anorectal disease? Results of a randomised clinical trial. Cir Esp. 2010;88:97-102.
Gupta PJ. Effects of warm water sitz bath on symptoms in post-anal sphincterotomy in chronic anal fi ssure — a randomized and controlled study. World J Surg. 2007;31:1480-4.
Gupta P. Randomized, controlled study comparing sitzbath and no-sitz-bath treatments in patients with acute anal fissures. ANZ J Surg. 2006;76:718-21.
Lang DS, Tho PC, Ang EN. Effectiveness of the Sitz bath in managing adult patients with anorectal disorders. Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2011;8:115-28.
Shafik A. Role of warm-water bath in ano-rectal conditions. The thermo-sphincteric reflex. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1993;16:304-8.
Hsu KF, Chia JS, Jao SW, et al. Comparison of clinical effects between warm water spray and sitz bath in post-hemorrhoidectomy period. J Gastrointest Surg. 2009;13:1274-8.
Guliaeva SF, Pomaskina TV, Guliaev PV, et al. Efficacy of sulfate calcium mineral water in disorders of motor evacuatory function of the stomach and gallbladder. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 2004;6:20-2.
Razumov AN, Surkov NV, Frolkov VK, et al. Therapeutic and preventive effects of sulfate-chloridesodium mineral water in experimental peptic ulcer. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 2009;3:22-5.
Park SU, Lee SH, Chung YG, et al. Warm sitz bath: Are there benefits after transurethral resection of the prostate? Korean J Urol. 2010;51:763-6.
Shafik A. Role of warm water bath in inducing micturition in postoperative urinary retention after anorectal operations. Urol Int. 1993;50:213-7.
LaFoy J, Geden EA. Post episiotomy pain: Warm versus cold sitz bath. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1989;18:399-403.
Ramler D, Roberts J. A comparison of cold and warm sitz baths for relief of postpartum perineal pain. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1986;15:471-4.
Brenner IK, Castellani JW, Gabaree C, et al. Immune changes in humans during cold exposure: Effects of prior heating and exercise. J Appl Physiol. 1999;87:699-710.
Shevchuk NA, Radoja S. Possible stimulation of anti-tumor immunity using repeated cold stress: A hypothesis. Infect Agent Cancer. 2007;2:20.
Dorfman M, Arancibia S, Fiedler JL, et al. Chronic intermittent cold stress activates ovarian sympathetic nerves and modifies ovarian follicular development in the rat. Biol Reprod. 2003;68:2038-43.
Gerra G, Volpi R, Delsignore R, et al. Sex-related responses of beta-endorphin, ACTH, GH and PRL to cold exposure in humans. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1992;126:24-8.
Blazícková S, Rovenský J, Koska J, et al. Effect of hyperthermic water bath on parameters on cellular immunity. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 2000;20:41-6.
Kowatzki D, Macholdt C, Krull K, et al. Effect of regular sauna on epidermal barrier function and stratum corneum water-holding capacity in vivo in humans: A controlled study. Dermatology. 2008;217:173-80.
Smith JE. Cooling methods used in the treatment of exertional heat illness. Br J Sports Med. 2005;39:503-7.
HarkerJ, Gibson P. Heat-stroke: A review of rapid cooling techniques. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 1995;11:198-202.
Belitsky RB, Odam SJ, Hubley-Kozey C. Evaluation of the effectiveness of wet ice, dry ice, and cryogen packs in reducing skin temperature. Phys Ther. 1987;67:1080-4.
Kaneda K, Sato D, Wakabayashi H, et al. A comparison of the effects of different water exercise programs on balance ability in elderly people. J Aging Physi Activity. 2008;16:381-392.
Hartmann S, Bung P. Physical exercise during pregnancy—Physiological considerations and recommendations. J Perinat Med. 1999;27: 204-215.
San Juan Dertkigil M, Cecatti JG, Sarno MA, et al. Variation in the amniotic fluid index following moderate physical activity in water during pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007; 86:547-552.
Sayfalar
137-152
Gelecek
30 Nisan 2024
Telif Hakkı (c) 2024 Akademisyen Yayınevi Kitap Portalı
Lisans
LisansNasıl Atıf Yapılır
1.
Doğan YE. Hidroterapinin Vücut Sistemlerine Etkisi. Içinde: Özkan Y, editör. Geçmişten Günümüze Rehabilitasyonda Balneoterapi ve Hidroterapi [Internet]. Türkiye: Akademisyen Yayınevi Kitap DOI Portalı; 2024 [a.yer 13 Temmuz 2026]. ss. 137-52. Erişim adresi: https://omp35.books.akademisyen.net/index.php/akya/catalog/book/3091/chapter/13273
