Kök Kanallarının Lazerle Dezenfeksiyonunda Güncel Yöntemler
Özet
Kök kanal tedavisinin temel amaçlarından biri kök kanal sisteminin etkili şekilde dezenfeksiyonunun sağlanmasıdır. Geleneksel yöntemler bu hedefe her zaman ulaşamamaktadır ve başarısızlığa yol açmaktadır. Lazerler ile yapılan irrigasyon aktivasyonu (LAİ) yüksek enerji içeriği ve spesifik özellikleri nedeniyle kök kanal sisteminin dezenfekte edilmesi için önerilmiştir. LAİ kök kanallarında kavitasyon ve akustik dalgalanma oluşturma prensibine dayanır. Endodontide LAİ ile ilgili son gelişmeler, Er:YAG lazer ile pulpa odasına yerleştirilen fiber ucun kullanıldığı kök kanallarında baloncuklar ve şok dalgaları oluşturan fotonla indüklenmiş fotoakustik akış (PIPS) ve çökmüş baloncuklar tarafından yayılan şok dalgalarını artırmayı amaçlayan şok dalgası ile geliştirilmiş emisyon fotoakustik akış (SWEEPS) tekniğidir.
One of the main goals of root canal treatment is to achieve effective disinfection of the root canal system. Traditional methods do not always achieve this goal and lead to failure. Laser-activated irrigation (LAI) has been proposed to disinfect the root canal system due to its high energy content and specific properties. LAI is based on the principle of creating cavitation and acoustic fluctuations in the root canals. Recent developments of LAI in endodontics are photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS), which creates bubbles and shock waves in the root canals using a fiber tip placed in the pulp chamber with an Er:YAG laser, and shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS), which aims to enhance the shock waves emitted by collapsed bubbles.
Referanslar
Tomson PL, Simon SR. Contemporary Cleaning and Shaping of the Root Canal System. Prim Dent J. 2016;5(2):46-53. 10.1308/205016816819304196
Siqueira JF, Jr., Araujo MC, Garcia PF, et al. Histological evaluation of the effectiveness of five instrumentation techniques for cleaning the apical third of root canals. J Endod. 1997;23(8):499-502. 10.1016/S0099-2399(97)80309-3
De Meyer S, Meire MA, Coenye T, et al. Effect of laser-activated irrigation on biofilms in artificial root canals. Int Endod J. 2017;50(5):472-479. 10.1111/iej.12643
Gu LS, Kim JR, Ling J, et al. Review of contemporary irrigant agitation techniques and devices. J Endod. 2009;35(6):791-804. 10.1016/j.joen.2009.03.010
Kimura Y, Wilder-Smith P, Matsumoto K. Lasers in endodontics: a review. Int Endod J. 2000;33(3):173-185. 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2000.00280.x
Huang Q, Li Z, Lyu P, et al. Current Applications and Future Directions of Lasers in Endodontics: A Narrative Review. Bioengineering (Basel). 2023;10(3). 10.3390/bioengineering10030296
Guidotti R, Merigo E, Fornaini C, et al. Er:YAG 2,940-nm laser fiber in endodontic treatment: a help in removing smear layer. Lasers Med Sci. 2014;29(1):69-75. 10.1007/s10103-012-1217-x
Schoop U, Moritz A, Kluger W, et al. The Er:YAG laser in endodontics: results of an in vitro study. Lasers Surg Med. 2002;30(5):360-364. 10.1002/lsm.10054
George R, Meyers IA, Walsh LJ. Laser activation of endodontic irrigants with improved conical laser fiber tips for removing smear layer in the apical third of the root canal. J Endod. 2008;34(12):1524-1527. 10.1016/j.joen.2008.08.029
Aoki A, Sasaki KM, Watanabe H, et al. Lasers in nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Periodontol 2000. 2004;36:59-97. 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2004.03679.x
Levy G. Cleaning and shaping the root canal with a Nd:YAG laser beam: a comparative study. J Endod. 1992;18(3):123-127. 10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81312-9
Liu T, Huang Z, Ju Y, et al. Bactericidal efficacy of three parameters of Nd:YAP laser irradiation against Enterococcus faecalis compared with NaOCl irrigation. Lasers Med Sci. 2019;34(2):359-366. 10.1007/s10103-018-2603-9
Namour A, Geerts S, Zeinoun T, et al. Safety Irradiation Parameters of Nd:YAP Laser Beam for Endodontic Treatments: An In Vitro Study. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:4741516. 10.1155/2016/4741516
Gu Y, Perinpanayagam H, Kum DJ, et al. Effect of Different Agitation Techniques on the Penetration of Irrigant and Sealer into Dentinal Tubules. Photomed Laser Surg. 2017;35(2):71-77. 10.1089/pho.2016.4125
Luk K, Zhao IS, Yu OY, et al. Effects of 10,600 nm Carbon Dioxide Laser on Remineralizing Caries: A Literature Review. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 2020;38(2):59-65. 10.1089/photob.2019.4690
Suzuki M, Kato C, Kawashima S, et al. Clinical and Histological Study on Direct Pulp Capping With CO2 Laser Irradiation in Human Teeth. Oper Dent. 2019;44(4):336-347. 10.2341/18-030-C
Mathew T, Bm S, Gv P, et al. Comparative Evaluation of the Antibacterial Efficacy of Chlorhexidine and 810 nm Diode Laser in the Disinfection of Root Canals Contaminated With Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study. Cureus. 2022;14(8):e28596. 10.7759/cureus.28596
Genc Sen O, Kaya M. Effect of Root Canal Disinfection with a Diode Laser on Postoperative Pain After Endodontic Retreatment. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 2019;37(2):85-90. 10.1089/photob.2018.4539
Blanken J, De Moor RJ, Meire M, et al. Laser induced explosive vapor and cavitation resulting in effective irrigation of the root canal. Part 1: a visualization study. Lasers Surg Med. 2009;41(7):514-519. 10.1002/lsm.20798
de Groot SD, Verhaagen B, Versluis M, et al. Laser-activated irrigation within root canals: cleaning efficacy and flow visualization. Int Endod J. 2009;42(12):1077-1083. 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01634.x
Matsumoto H, Yoshimine Y, Akamine A. Visualization of irrigant flow and cavitation induced by Er:YAG laser within a root canal model. J Endod. 2011;37(6):839-843. 10.1016/j.joen.2011.02.035
Jezersek M, Lukac N, Lukac M. Measurement of Simulated Debris Removal Rates in an Artificial Root Canal to Optimize Laser-Activated Irrigation Parameters. Lasers Surg Med. 2021;53(3):411-417. 10.1002/lsm.23297
De Moor RJ, Blanken J, Meire M, et al. Laser induced explosive vapor and cavitation resulting in effective irrigation of the root canal. Part 2: evaluation of the efficacy. Lasers Surg Med. 2009;41(7):520-523. 10.1002/lsm.20797
Liapis D, De Bruyne MAA, De Moor RJG, et al. Postoperative pain after ultrasonically and laser-activated irrigation during root canal treatment: a randomized clinical trial. Int Endod J. 2021;54(7):1037-1050. 10.1111/iej.13500
Meire MA, Havelaerts S, De Moor RJ. Influence of lasing parameters on the cleaning efficacy of laser-activated irrigation with pulsed erbium lasers. Lasers Med Sci. 2016;31(4):653-658. 10.1007/s10103-016-1892-0
Lukac N, Jezersek M. Amplification of pressure waves in laser-assisted endodontics with synchronized delivery of Er:YAG laser pulses. Lasers Med Sci. 2018;33(4):823-833. 10.1007/s10103-017-2435-z
Peters OA, Bardsley S, Fong J, et al. Disinfection of root canals with photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming. J Endod. 2011;37(7):1008-1012. 10.1016/j.joen.2011.03.016
Thapak G, Arya A, Grewal MS, et al. A Comparative Evaluation of Smear Layer Removal Using Erbium:YAG Laser-Activated Irrigation, Sonic Irrigation, and Manual Dynamic Irrigation: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. J Lasers Med Sci. 2021;12:e22. 10.34172/jlms.2021.22
DiVito E, Peters OA, Olivi G. Effectiveness of the erbium:YAG laser and new design radial and stripped tips in removing the smear layer after root canal instrumentation. Lasers Med Sci. 2012;27(2):273-280. 10.1007/s10103-010-0858-x
Swimberghe RCD, De Clercq A, De Moor RJG, et al. Efficacy of sonically, ultrasonically and laser-activated irrigation in removing a biofilm-mimicking hydrogel from an isthmus model. Int Endod J. 2019;52(4):515-523. 10.1111/iej.13024
Cai C, Wen C, Guan L, et al. Influence of sodium hypochlorite concentration on cavitation effect and fluid dynamics induced by photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS): A visualization study. Lasers Med Sci. 2022;37(5):2537-2544. 10.1007/s10103-022-03535-x
Donnermeyer D, Schafer E, Burklein S. Real-time intracanal temperature measurement comparing mechanically and laser-activated irrigation to syringe irrigation. Aust Endod J. 2021;47(1):59-66. 10.1111/aej.12461
Olivi G, DiVito E, Peters O, et al. Disinfection efficacy of photon-induced photoacoustic streaming on root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis: an ex vivo study. J Am Dent Assoc. 2014;145(8):843-848. 10.14219/jada.2014.46
Wen C, Yan L, Kong Y, et al. The antibacterial efficacy of photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming in root canals with different diameters or tapers. BMC Oral Health. 2021;21(1):542. 10.1186/s12903-021-01903-7
Deleu E, Meire MA, De Moor RJ. Efficacy of laser-based irrigant activation methods in removing debris from simulated root canal irregularities. Lasers Med Sci. 2015;30(2):831-835. 10.1007/s10103-013-1442-y
Kurzmann C, Meire MA, Lettner S, et al. The efficacy of ultrasonic and PIPS (photon-induced acoustic streaming) irrigation to remove artificially placed dentine debris plugs out of an artificial and natural root model. Lasers Med Sci. 2020;35(3):719-728. 10.1007/s10103-019-02912-3
Liu J, Watanabe S, Mochizuki S, et al. Comparison of vapor bubble kinetics and cleaning efficacy of different root canal irrigation techniques in the apical area beyond the fractured instrument. J Dent Sci. 2023;18(3):1141-1147. 10.1016/j.jds.2022.10.032
Wan S, Tan Y, Xie J, et al. The effect of a root-dentin pretreatment technique combining PIPS with MTAD aiming to improve the bond strength of glass fiber post. Microsc Res Tech. 2020;83(7):824-833. 10.1002/jemt.23474
Arslan H, Akcay M, Capar ID, et al. Efficacy of needle irrigation, EndoActivator, and photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming technique on removal of double and triple antibiotic pastes. J Endod. 2014;40(9):1439-1442. 10.1016/j.joen.2014.02.013
Li D, Jiang S, Yin X, et al. Efficacy of Needle, Ultrasonic, and Endoactivator Irrigation and Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming in Removing Calcium Hydroxide from the Main Canal and Isthmus: An In Vitro Micro-Computed Tomography and Scanning Electron Microscopy Study. Photomed Laser Surg. 2015;33(6):330-337. 10.1089/pho.2015.3903
Donmez Ozkan H, Kaval ME, Ozkan G, et al. Efficacy of Two Different Nickel-Titanium Rotary Systems in Retreatment Procedure With or Without Laser-Activated Irrigation: An In Vitro Study. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 2019;37(8):495-499. 10.1089/photob.2019.4637
Wu L, Jiang S, Ge H, et al. Effect of Optimized Irrigation With Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming on Smear Layer Removal, Dentin Microhardness, Attachment Morphology, and Survival of the Stem Cells of Apical Papilla. Lasers Surg Med. 2021;53(8):1105-1112. 10.1002/lsm.23394
Ozer SY, Kapisiz E. Comparison of Walking-Bleaching and Photon-Initiated Photoacoustic Streaming Techniques in Tooth Color Change of Artificially Colored Teeth. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 2021;39(5):355-361. 10.1089/photob.2020.4914
Arslan H, Akcay M, Ertas H, et al. Effect of PIPS technique at different power settings on irrigating solution extrusion. Lasers Med Sci. 2015;30(6):1641-1645. 10.1007/s10103-014-1633-1
Doganay Yildiz E, Dincer B, Fidan ME. Effect of different laser-assisted irrigation activation techniques on apical debris extrusion. Acta Odontol Scand. 2020;78(5):332-336. 10.1080/00016357.2020.1717603
Akdere SK, Aydin ZU, Erdonmez D. Antimicrobial effectiveness of different irrigation activation techniques on teeth with artificial internal root resorption and contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis: a confocal laser scanning,icroscopy analysis. Lasers Med Sci. 2023;38(1):89. 10.1007/s10103-023-03748-8
Baraba A, Rajda M, Barsic G, et al. Efficacy of Shock Wave-Enhanced Emission Photoacoustic Streaming (SWEEPS) in the Removal of Different Combinations of Sealers Used with Two Obturation Techniques: A Micro-CT Study. Materials (Basel). 2023;16(8). 10.3390/ma16083273
Galler KM, Grubmuller V, Schlichting R, et al. Penetration depth of irrigants into root dentine after sonic, ultrasonic and photoacoustic activation. Int Endod J. 2019;52(8):1210-1217. 10.1111/iej.13108
Tong J, Liu L, Du J, et al. Effect of photon-induced photoacoustic streaming and shock-wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming technique on the removal of the smear layer after root canal preparation in curved root canals. J Dent Sci. 2023;18(1):157-164. 10.1016/j.jds.2022.06.019
Mancini M, Cerroni L, Palopoli P, et al. FESEM evaluation of smear layer removal from conservatively shaped canals: laser activated irrigation (PIPS and SWEEPS) compared to sonic and passive ultrasonic activation-an ex vivo study. BMC Oral Health. 2021;21(1):81. 10.1186/s12903-021-01427-0
Yang Q, Liu MW, Zhu LX, et al. Micro-CT study on the removal of accumulated hard-tissue debris from the root canal system of mandibular molars when using a novel laser-activated irrigation approach. Int Endod J. 2020;53(4):529-538. 10.1111/iej.13250
Bago I, Durin A, Kanizaj D, et al. The efficacy of a novel SWEEPS laser-activated irrigation compared to ultrasonic activation in the removal of pulp tissue from an isthmus area in the apical third of the root canal. Lasers Med Sci. 2023;38(1):189. 10.1007/s10103-023-03857-4
Yang Q, Liu M, Zhu L, et al. Comparison of Needle, Ultrasonic, and Laser Irrigation for the Removal of Calcium Hydroxide from Mandibular Molar Root Canals. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 2021;39(5):349-354. 10.1089/photob.2019.4798
Usta SN, Erdem BA, Gundogar M. Comparison of the removal of intracanal medicaments used in regenerative endodontics from root canal system using needle, ultrasonic, sonic, and laser-activated irrigation systems. Lasers Med Sci. 2024;39(1):27. 10.1007/s10103-024-03980-w
Petricevic GK, Katic M, Anic I, et al. Efficacy of different Er:YAG laser-activated photoacoustic streaming modes compared to passive ultrasonic irrigation in the retreatment of curved root canals. Clin Oral Investig. 2022;26(11):6773-6781. 10.1007/s00784-022-04637-0
Kapetanovic Petricevic G, Katic M, Brzovic Rajic V, et al. The Efficacy of Er:YAG Laser-Activated Shock Wave-Enhanced Emission Photoacoustic Streaming Compared to Ultrasonically Activated Irrigation and Needle Irrigation in the Removal of Bioceramic Filling Remnants from Oval Root Canals-An Ex Vivo Study. Bioengineering (Basel). 2022;9(12). 10.3390/bioengineering9120820
Erkan E, Gundogar M, Uslu G, et al. Postoperative pain after SWEEPS, PIPS, sonic and ultrasonic-assisted irrigation activation techniques: a randomized clinical trial. Odontology. 2022;110(4):786-794. 10.1007/s10266-022-00700-0
Siqueira JF, Jr., Araujo MC, Garcia PF, et al. Histological evaluation of the effectiveness of five instrumentation techniques for cleaning the apical third of root canals. J Endod. 1997;23(8):499-502. 10.1016/S0099-2399(97)80309-3
De Meyer S, Meire MA, Coenye T, et al. Effect of laser-activated irrigation on biofilms in artificial root canals. Int Endod J. 2017;50(5):472-479. 10.1111/iej.12643
Gu LS, Kim JR, Ling J, et al. Review of contemporary irrigant agitation techniques and devices. J Endod. 2009;35(6):791-804. 10.1016/j.joen.2009.03.010
Kimura Y, Wilder-Smith P, Matsumoto K. Lasers in endodontics: a review. Int Endod J. 2000;33(3):173-185. 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2000.00280.x
Huang Q, Li Z, Lyu P, et al. Current Applications and Future Directions of Lasers in Endodontics: A Narrative Review. Bioengineering (Basel). 2023;10(3). 10.3390/bioengineering10030296
Guidotti R, Merigo E, Fornaini C, et al. Er:YAG 2,940-nm laser fiber in endodontic treatment: a help in removing smear layer. Lasers Med Sci. 2014;29(1):69-75. 10.1007/s10103-012-1217-x
Schoop U, Moritz A, Kluger W, et al. The Er:YAG laser in endodontics: results of an in vitro study. Lasers Surg Med. 2002;30(5):360-364. 10.1002/lsm.10054
George R, Meyers IA, Walsh LJ. Laser activation of endodontic irrigants with improved conical laser fiber tips for removing smear layer in the apical third of the root canal. J Endod. 2008;34(12):1524-1527. 10.1016/j.joen.2008.08.029
Aoki A, Sasaki KM, Watanabe H, et al. Lasers in nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Periodontol 2000. 2004;36:59-97. 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2004.03679.x
Levy G. Cleaning and shaping the root canal with a Nd:YAG laser beam: a comparative study. J Endod. 1992;18(3):123-127. 10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81312-9
Liu T, Huang Z, Ju Y, et al. Bactericidal efficacy of three parameters of Nd:YAP laser irradiation against Enterococcus faecalis compared with NaOCl irrigation. Lasers Med Sci. 2019;34(2):359-366. 10.1007/s10103-018-2603-9
Namour A, Geerts S, Zeinoun T, et al. Safety Irradiation Parameters of Nd:YAP Laser Beam for Endodontic Treatments: An In Vitro Study. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:4741516. 10.1155/2016/4741516
Gu Y, Perinpanayagam H, Kum DJ, et al. Effect of Different Agitation Techniques on the Penetration of Irrigant and Sealer into Dentinal Tubules. Photomed Laser Surg. 2017;35(2):71-77. 10.1089/pho.2016.4125
Luk K, Zhao IS, Yu OY, et al. Effects of 10,600 nm Carbon Dioxide Laser on Remineralizing Caries: A Literature Review. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 2020;38(2):59-65. 10.1089/photob.2019.4690
Suzuki M, Kato C, Kawashima S, et al. Clinical and Histological Study on Direct Pulp Capping With CO2 Laser Irradiation in Human Teeth. Oper Dent. 2019;44(4):336-347. 10.2341/18-030-C
Mathew T, Bm S, Gv P, et al. Comparative Evaluation of the Antibacterial Efficacy of Chlorhexidine and 810 nm Diode Laser in the Disinfection of Root Canals Contaminated With Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study. Cureus. 2022;14(8):e28596. 10.7759/cureus.28596
Genc Sen O, Kaya M. Effect of Root Canal Disinfection with a Diode Laser on Postoperative Pain After Endodontic Retreatment. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 2019;37(2):85-90. 10.1089/photob.2018.4539
Blanken J, De Moor RJ, Meire M, et al. Laser induced explosive vapor and cavitation resulting in effective irrigation of the root canal. Part 1: a visualization study. Lasers Surg Med. 2009;41(7):514-519. 10.1002/lsm.20798
de Groot SD, Verhaagen B, Versluis M, et al. Laser-activated irrigation within root canals: cleaning efficacy and flow visualization. Int Endod J. 2009;42(12):1077-1083. 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01634.x
Matsumoto H, Yoshimine Y, Akamine A. Visualization of irrigant flow and cavitation induced by Er:YAG laser within a root canal model. J Endod. 2011;37(6):839-843. 10.1016/j.joen.2011.02.035
Jezersek M, Lukac N, Lukac M. Measurement of Simulated Debris Removal Rates in an Artificial Root Canal to Optimize Laser-Activated Irrigation Parameters. Lasers Surg Med. 2021;53(3):411-417. 10.1002/lsm.23297
De Moor RJ, Blanken J, Meire M, et al. Laser induced explosive vapor and cavitation resulting in effective irrigation of the root canal. Part 2: evaluation of the efficacy. Lasers Surg Med. 2009;41(7):520-523. 10.1002/lsm.20797
Liapis D, De Bruyne MAA, De Moor RJG, et al. Postoperative pain after ultrasonically and laser-activated irrigation during root canal treatment: a randomized clinical trial. Int Endod J. 2021;54(7):1037-1050. 10.1111/iej.13500
Meire MA, Havelaerts S, De Moor RJ. Influence of lasing parameters on the cleaning efficacy of laser-activated irrigation with pulsed erbium lasers. Lasers Med Sci. 2016;31(4):653-658. 10.1007/s10103-016-1892-0
Lukac N, Jezersek M. Amplification of pressure waves in laser-assisted endodontics with synchronized delivery of Er:YAG laser pulses. Lasers Med Sci. 2018;33(4):823-833. 10.1007/s10103-017-2435-z
Peters OA, Bardsley S, Fong J, et al. Disinfection of root canals with photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming. J Endod. 2011;37(7):1008-1012. 10.1016/j.joen.2011.03.016
Thapak G, Arya A, Grewal MS, et al. A Comparative Evaluation of Smear Layer Removal Using Erbium:YAG Laser-Activated Irrigation, Sonic Irrigation, and Manual Dynamic Irrigation: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. J Lasers Med Sci. 2021;12:e22. 10.34172/jlms.2021.22
DiVito E, Peters OA, Olivi G. Effectiveness of the erbium:YAG laser and new design radial and stripped tips in removing the smear layer after root canal instrumentation. Lasers Med Sci. 2012;27(2):273-280. 10.1007/s10103-010-0858-x
Swimberghe RCD, De Clercq A, De Moor RJG, et al. Efficacy of sonically, ultrasonically and laser-activated irrigation in removing a biofilm-mimicking hydrogel from an isthmus model. Int Endod J. 2019;52(4):515-523. 10.1111/iej.13024
Cai C, Wen C, Guan L, et al. Influence of sodium hypochlorite concentration on cavitation effect and fluid dynamics induced by photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS): A visualization study. Lasers Med Sci. 2022;37(5):2537-2544. 10.1007/s10103-022-03535-x
Donnermeyer D, Schafer E, Burklein S. Real-time intracanal temperature measurement comparing mechanically and laser-activated irrigation to syringe irrigation. Aust Endod J. 2021;47(1):59-66. 10.1111/aej.12461
Olivi G, DiVito E, Peters O, et al. Disinfection efficacy of photon-induced photoacoustic streaming on root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis: an ex vivo study. J Am Dent Assoc. 2014;145(8):843-848. 10.14219/jada.2014.46
Wen C, Yan L, Kong Y, et al. The antibacterial efficacy of photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming in root canals with different diameters or tapers. BMC Oral Health. 2021;21(1):542. 10.1186/s12903-021-01903-7
Deleu E, Meire MA, De Moor RJ. Efficacy of laser-based irrigant activation methods in removing debris from simulated root canal irregularities. Lasers Med Sci. 2015;30(2):831-835. 10.1007/s10103-013-1442-y
Kurzmann C, Meire MA, Lettner S, et al. The efficacy of ultrasonic and PIPS (photon-induced acoustic streaming) irrigation to remove artificially placed dentine debris plugs out of an artificial and natural root model. Lasers Med Sci. 2020;35(3):719-728. 10.1007/s10103-019-02912-3
Liu J, Watanabe S, Mochizuki S, et al. Comparison of vapor bubble kinetics and cleaning efficacy of different root canal irrigation techniques in the apical area beyond the fractured instrument. J Dent Sci. 2023;18(3):1141-1147. 10.1016/j.jds.2022.10.032
Wan S, Tan Y, Xie J, et al. The effect of a root-dentin pretreatment technique combining PIPS with MTAD aiming to improve the bond strength of glass fiber post. Microsc Res Tech. 2020;83(7):824-833. 10.1002/jemt.23474
Arslan H, Akcay M, Capar ID, et al. Efficacy of needle irrigation, EndoActivator, and photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming technique on removal of double and triple antibiotic pastes. J Endod. 2014;40(9):1439-1442. 10.1016/j.joen.2014.02.013
Li D, Jiang S, Yin X, et al. Efficacy of Needle, Ultrasonic, and Endoactivator Irrigation and Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming in Removing Calcium Hydroxide from the Main Canal and Isthmus: An In Vitro Micro-Computed Tomography and Scanning Electron Microscopy Study. Photomed Laser Surg. 2015;33(6):330-337. 10.1089/pho.2015.3903
Donmez Ozkan H, Kaval ME, Ozkan G, et al. Efficacy of Two Different Nickel-Titanium Rotary Systems in Retreatment Procedure With or Without Laser-Activated Irrigation: An In Vitro Study. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 2019;37(8):495-499. 10.1089/photob.2019.4637
Wu L, Jiang S, Ge H, et al. Effect of Optimized Irrigation With Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming on Smear Layer Removal, Dentin Microhardness, Attachment Morphology, and Survival of the Stem Cells of Apical Papilla. Lasers Surg Med. 2021;53(8):1105-1112. 10.1002/lsm.23394
Ozer SY, Kapisiz E. Comparison of Walking-Bleaching and Photon-Initiated Photoacoustic Streaming Techniques in Tooth Color Change of Artificially Colored Teeth. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 2021;39(5):355-361. 10.1089/photob.2020.4914
Arslan H, Akcay M, Ertas H, et al. Effect of PIPS technique at different power settings on irrigating solution extrusion. Lasers Med Sci. 2015;30(6):1641-1645. 10.1007/s10103-014-1633-1
Doganay Yildiz E, Dincer B, Fidan ME. Effect of different laser-assisted irrigation activation techniques on apical debris extrusion. Acta Odontol Scand. 2020;78(5):332-336. 10.1080/00016357.2020.1717603
Akdere SK, Aydin ZU, Erdonmez D. Antimicrobial effectiveness of different irrigation activation techniques on teeth with artificial internal root resorption and contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis: a confocal laser scanning,icroscopy analysis. Lasers Med Sci. 2023;38(1):89. 10.1007/s10103-023-03748-8
Baraba A, Rajda M, Barsic G, et al. Efficacy of Shock Wave-Enhanced Emission Photoacoustic Streaming (SWEEPS) in the Removal of Different Combinations of Sealers Used with Two Obturation Techniques: A Micro-CT Study. Materials (Basel). 2023;16(8). 10.3390/ma16083273
Galler KM, Grubmuller V, Schlichting R, et al. Penetration depth of irrigants into root dentine after sonic, ultrasonic and photoacoustic activation. Int Endod J. 2019;52(8):1210-1217. 10.1111/iej.13108
Tong J, Liu L, Du J, et al. Effect of photon-induced photoacoustic streaming and shock-wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming technique on the removal of the smear layer after root canal preparation in curved root canals. J Dent Sci. 2023;18(1):157-164. 10.1016/j.jds.2022.06.019
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Sayfalar
1-14
Gelecek
16 Nisan 2024
Telif Hakkı (c) 2024 Akademisyen Yayınevi Kitap Portalı
Lisans
LisansNasıl Atıf Yapılır
1.
Kuloğlu B, Doğan Çankaya T. Kök Kanallarının Lazerle Dezenfeksiyonunda Güncel Yöntemler. Içinde: Yoldaş O, editör. Güncel Endodonti Çalışmaları V (Bahar) [Internet]. Türkiye: Akademisyen Yayınevi Kitap DOI Portalı; 2024 [a.yer 13 Temmuz 2026]. ss. 1-14. Erişim adresi: https://omp35.books.akademisyen.net/index.php/akya/catalog/book/3063/chapter/13411
