Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri
Referanslar
Ward E, DeSantis C, Robbins A, Kohler B, Jemal A. Childhood and adolescent cancer statistics, 2014. CA Cancer J Clin. 2014;64(2):83–103.
Schrøder H, Rechnitzer C, Wehner PS, Lausen B. Danish childhood cancernregistry. Clin Epidemiol. 2016;8:461–4.
Lilja-Fischer JK, Schrøder H, Nielsen VE. Pediatric malignancies presenting in the head and neck. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2019;118(October 2018):36–41. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.12.009
Schwartz I, Hughes C, Brigger MT. Pediatric head and neck malignancies: Incidence and trends, 1973-2010. Otolaryngol - Head Neck Surg (United States). 2015;152(6):1127–32.
Linet MS, Ries LA SM. Cancer Surveillance Series: Recent Trends in Childhood Cancer Incidence and Mortality in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999;91(12):1051–8.
Cunningham RM, Walton MA, Carter PM. The Major Causes of Death in Children and Adolescents in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(25):2468–75.
Brinkmeier J V., Thatcher AL. Pediatric Head and Neck Neoplasms. In: Cummings Pediatric Otolaryngology [Internet]. Second Edi. Elsevier Inc.; 2021. p. 364–81. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-69618-0.00026-3
Lynch RC, Gratzinger D, Advani RH. Clinical Impact of the 2016 Update to the WHO Lymphoma Classification. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2017;18(45).
Ganapathi KA, Brown LE, Prakash S, Bhargava P. New developments in non-Hodgkin lymphoid malignancies. Pathology. 2021;53(3):349–66.
Morton LM, Wang SS, Devesa SS, Hartge P, Weisenburger DD, Linet MS. Lymphoma incidence patterns by WHO subtype in the United States, 1992-2001. Blood. 2006;107(1):265–76.
Gaini RM, Romagnoli M, Sala A, Garavello W. Lymphomas of head and neck in pediatric patients. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2009;73(SUPPL.1):S65–70. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-5876(09)70013-8
Reiter A, Ferrando AA. Malignant Lymphomas and Lymphadenopathies. In: Oncology of Infancy and Childhood. W.B. Saunders; 2009. p. 417–505.
Sioka C. The utility of FDG PET in diagnosis and follow-up of lymphoma in childhood. Eur J Pediatr. 2013;172(6):733–8.
Borenstein SH, Gerstle T, Malkin D, Thorner P, Filler RM. The effects of prebiopsy corticosteroid treatment on the diagnosis of mediastinal lymphoma. J Pediatr Surg. 2000;35(6):973–6.
Sherief LM, Elsafy UR, Abdelkhalek ER, Kamal NM, Elbehedy R, Hassan TH, et al. Hodgkin lymphoma in childhood. Med (United States). 2015;94(15):1–7.
Rosolen A, Perkins SL, Pinkerton CR, Guillerman RP, Sandlund JT, Patte C, et al. Revised international pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma staging system. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(18):2112–8.
Virginia M. Hamilton, M.D., Cynthia Norris, M.D., Nancy Bunin, M.D., Joel W. Goldwein, M.D., Greta R. Bunin, Ph.D., Beverly Lange, M.D., and Anna T. Meadows MD. Cyclophosphamide-based, seven-drug hybrid and low-dose involved field radiation for the treatment of childhood and adolescent hodgkin disease. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2001;23(2):84–8.
Sagar TG, Chandra A, Raman SG. Childhood Hodgkin disease treated with COPP/ABV hybrid chemotherapy: A progress report. Med Pediatr Oncol. 2003;40:66–9.
Jezierska M, Stefanowicz J, Romanowicz G, Kosiak W, Lange M. Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children - A disease with many faces. Recent advances in pathogenesis, diagnosticexaminations and treatment. Adv Dermatology Allergol. 2018;35(1):6–17.
Nicollas R, Rome A, Belaïch H, Roman S, Volk M, Gentet JC, et al. Head and neck manifestation and prognosis of Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;74(6):669–73.
Salotti JA, Nanduri V, Pearce MS, Parker L, Lynn R, Windebank KP. Incidence and clinical features of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the UK and Ireland. Arch Dis Child. 2009;94(5):376–80.
Abdel-Aziz M, Rashed M, Khalifa B, Talaat A, Nassar A. Eosinophilic granuloma of the temporal bone in children. J Craniofac Surg. 2014;25(3):1076–8.
Goldfarb JM, Rabinowitz MR, Basnyat S, Nyquist GG, Rosen MR. Head and Neck Manifestations of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: A Systematic Review. Otolaryngol - Head Neck Surg (United States). 2016;155(5):771–8.
McCuiston A, Bishop JA. Usefulness of NKX2.2 Immunohistochemistry for Distinguishing Ewing Sarcoma from Other Sinonasal Small Round Blue Cell Tumors. Head Neck Pathol. 2018;12(1):89–94.
Nikitakis NG, Salama AR, O’Malley BW, Ord RA, Papadimitriou JC. Malignant peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor-peripheral neuroepithelioma of the head and neck: A clinicopathologic study of five cases and review of the literature. Head Neck. 2003;25(6):488–98.
Qaisi M, Eid I. Pediatric Head and Neck Malignancies. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am [Internet]. 2016;28(1):11–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coms.2015.07.008
Windfuhr JP. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the head and neck: Incidence, diagnosis, and management. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2004;113(7):533–43.
Haddad M, Triglia JM, Helardot P, Couanet D, Gauthier F, Neuenschwander S, et al. Localized cervical neuroblastoma: Prevention of surgical complications. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2003;67(12):1361–7.
Littooij AS, de Keizer B. Imaging in neuroblastoma. Pediatr Radiol [Internet]. 2022;1–5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-022-05489-2
de Kraker J, Hoefnagel KA, Verschuur AC, van Eck B, van Santen HM, Caron HN. Iodine-131-metaiodobenzylguanidine as initial induction therapy in stage 4 neuroblastoma patients over 1 year of age. Eur J Cancer. 2008;44:551–6.
Chadha NK, Forte V. Pediatric head and neck malignancies. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;17(6):471–6.
Toro JR, Travis LB, Hongyu JW, Zhu K, Fletcher CDM, Devesa SS. Incidence patterns of soft tissue sarcomas, regardless of primary site, in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results program, 1978-2001: An analysis of 26,758 cases. Int J Cancer. 2006;119(12):2922–30.
Cynthia Leaphart DR. Pediatric surgical oncology: Management of rhabdomyosarcoma. Surg Oncol. 2007;16:173–85.
Oda Y, Tsuneyoshi M. Recent advances in the molecular pathology of soft tissue sarcoma: Implications for diagnosis, patient prognosis, and molecular target therapy in the future. Cancer Sci. 2009;100(2):200–8.
Sorensen PHB, Lynch JC, Qualman SJ, Tirabosco R, Lim JF, Maurer HM, et al. PAX3-FKHR and PAX7-FKHR gene fusions are prognostic indicators in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: A report from the Children’s Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20(11):2672–9.
Pappo AS, Meza JL, Donaldson SS, Wharam MD, Wiener ES, Qualman SJ, et al. Treatment of localized nonorbital, nonparameningeal head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma: Lessons learned from Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Studies III and IV. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21(4):638–45.
Gillespie MB, Marshall DT, Day TA, Mitchell AO, White DR, Barredo JC. Pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck: Is There a Place for Surgical Management? Arch Head Neck Surg. 2000;126:468–72.
Gillespie MB, Marshall DT, Day TA, Mitchell AO, White DR, Barredo JC. Pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2006;7:13–22.
Qureshi SS, Bhagat M. Non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft-tissue sarcomas in children: Contemporary appraisal and experience from a single centre. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg. 2015;20(4):165–9.
Rai M, Hegde P, Devaraju UM. Congenital Facial Teratoma. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2012;11(2):243–6.
Lanzkowsky P. Germ Cell Tumors. In: Manual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology [Internet]. Academic Press; 2011 [cited 2023 Feb 19]. p. 776–95. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780123751546000276
Vergamini LB, Frazier AL, Abrantes FL, Ribeiro KB, Rodriguez-Galindo C. Increase in the incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in children, adolescents, and young adults: A population-based study. J Pediatr [Internet]. 2014;164(6):1481–5. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.01.059
JEREMY T. GUILLE, ADWOA OPOKU-BOATENG, SUSAN L. THIBEAULT HC. Evaluation and management of the solid thyroid nodule. Oncologist. 2015;20:19–27.
Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, Doherty GM, Mandel SJ, Nikiforov YE, et al. 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Vol. 26, Thyroid. 2016. 1–133 p.
Roy R, Kouniavsky G, Schneider E, Allendorf JD, Chabot JA, Logerfo P, et al. Predictive factors of malignancy in pediatric thyroid nodules. Surgery [Internet]. 2011;150(6):1228–33. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2011.09.023
Jatana KR, Zimmerman D. Pediatric thyroid nodules and malignancy. Otolaryngol Clin North Am [Internet]. 2015;48:47–58. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otc.2014.09.005
Mazzaferri EL, Kloos RT. Current approaches to primary therapy for papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(4):1447–63.
Yoskovitch A, Laberge JM, Rodd C, Sinsky A, Gaskin D. Cystic thyroid lesions in children. J Pediatr Surg. 1998;33(6):866–70.
Gupta A, Ly S, Castroneves LA, Frates MC, Benson CB, Feldman HA, et al. A standardized assessment of thyroid nodules in children confirms higher cancer prevalence than in adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(8):3238–45.
Rivkees SA, Mazzaferri EL, Verburg FA, Reiners C, Luster M, Breuer CK, et al. The treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer in children: Emphasis on surgical approach and radioactive iodine therapy. Endocr Rev. 2011;32(6):798–826.
Catherine A. Dinauer CB and SAR. Differentiated thyroid cancer in children: diagnosis and management. Clin Manag Thyroid Cancer. 2008;20(1):59–65.
Cooper DS, Doherty GM, Haugen BR, Kloos RT, Lee SL, Mandel SJ, et al. Revised American thyroid association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2009;19(11):1167–214.
Enomoto Y, Enomoto K, Uchino S, Shibuya H, Watanabe S, Noguchi S. Clinical features, treatment, and long-term outcome of papillary thyroid cancer in children and adolescents without radiation exposure. World J Surg. 2012;36(6):1241–6.
Starenki D, Park J-I. Pediatric Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. J Pediatr Oncol. 2016;3(2):29–37.
Ton GTN, Banaszynski ME, Kolesar JM. Vandetanib: a novel targeted therapy for the treatment of metastatic or locally advanced medullary thyroid cancer. Am J Heal Pharm. 2013;70(10):849–55.
Hogan AR, Zhuge Y, Perez EA, Koniaris LG, Lew JI, Sola JE. Pediatric Thyroid Carcinoma: Incidence and Outcomes in 1753 Patients. J Surg Res [Internet]. 2009;156(1):167–72. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2009.03.098
Ayan I, Kaytan E, Ayan N. Childhood nasopharyngeal carcinoma: From biology to treatment. Lancet Oncol. 2003;4(1):13–21.
Dourthe ME, Bolle S, Temam S, Jouin A, Claude L, Reguerre Y, et al. Childhood Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: State-of-the-Art, and Questions for the Future. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2018;40(2):85–92.
Schrøder H, Rechnitzer C, Wehner PS, Lausen B. Danish childhood cancernregistry. Clin Epidemiol. 2016;8:461–4.
Lilja-Fischer JK, Schrøder H, Nielsen VE. Pediatric malignancies presenting in the head and neck. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2019;118(October 2018):36–41. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.12.009
Schwartz I, Hughes C, Brigger MT. Pediatric head and neck malignancies: Incidence and trends, 1973-2010. Otolaryngol - Head Neck Surg (United States). 2015;152(6):1127–32.
Linet MS, Ries LA SM. Cancer Surveillance Series: Recent Trends in Childhood Cancer Incidence and Mortality in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999;91(12):1051–8.
Cunningham RM, Walton MA, Carter PM. The Major Causes of Death in Children and Adolescents in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(25):2468–75.
Brinkmeier J V., Thatcher AL. Pediatric Head and Neck Neoplasms. In: Cummings Pediatric Otolaryngology [Internet]. Second Edi. Elsevier Inc.; 2021. p. 364–81. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-69618-0.00026-3
Lynch RC, Gratzinger D, Advani RH. Clinical Impact of the 2016 Update to the WHO Lymphoma Classification. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2017;18(45).
Ganapathi KA, Brown LE, Prakash S, Bhargava P. New developments in non-Hodgkin lymphoid malignancies. Pathology. 2021;53(3):349–66.
Morton LM, Wang SS, Devesa SS, Hartge P, Weisenburger DD, Linet MS. Lymphoma incidence patterns by WHO subtype in the United States, 1992-2001. Blood. 2006;107(1):265–76.
Gaini RM, Romagnoli M, Sala A, Garavello W. Lymphomas of head and neck in pediatric patients. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet]. 2009;73(SUPPL.1):S65–70. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-5876(09)70013-8
Reiter A, Ferrando AA. Malignant Lymphomas and Lymphadenopathies. In: Oncology of Infancy and Childhood. W.B. Saunders; 2009. p. 417–505.
Sioka C. The utility of FDG PET in diagnosis and follow-up of lymphoma in childhood. Eur J Pediatr. 2013;172(6):733–8.
Borenstein SH, Gerstle T, Malkin D, Thorner P, Filler RM. The effects of prebiopsy corticosteroid treatment on the diagnosis of mediastinal lymphoma. J Pediatr Surg. 2000;35(6):973–6.
Sherief LM, Elsafy UR, Abdelkhalek ER, Kamal NM, Elbehedy R, Hassan TH, et al. Hodgkin lymphoma in childhood. Med (United States). 2015;94(15):1–7.
Rosolen A, Perkins SL, Pinkerton CR, Guillerman RP, Sandlund JT, Patte C, et al. Revised international pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma staging system. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(18):2112–8.
Virginia M. Hamilton, M.D., Cynthia Norris, M.D., Nancy Bunin, M.D., Joel W. Goldwein, M.D., Greta R. Bunin, Ph.D., Beverly Lange, M.D., and Anna T. Meadows MD. Cyclophosphamide-based, seven-drug hybrid and low-dose involved field radiation for the treatment of childhood and adolescent hodgkin disease. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2001;23(2):84–8.
Sagar TG, Chandra A, Raman SG. Childhood Hodgkin disease treated with COPP/ABV hybrid chemotherapy: A progress report. Med Pediatr Oncol. 2003;40:66–9.
Jezierska M, Stefanowicz J, Romanowicz G, Kosiak W, Lange M. Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children - A disease with many faces. Recent advances in pathogenesis, diagnosticexaminations and treatment. Adv Dermatology Allergol. 2018;35(1):6–17.
Nicollas R, Rome A, Belaïch H, Roman S, Volk M, Gentet JC, et al. Head and neck manifestation and prognosis of Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;74(6):669–73.
Salotti JA, Nanduri V, Pearce MS, Parker L, Lynn R, Windebank KP. Incidence and clinical features of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the UK and Ireland. Arch Dis Child. 2009;94(5):376–80.
Abdel-Aziz M, Rashed M, Khalifa B, Talaat A, Nassar A. Eosinophilic granuloma of the temporal bone in children. J Craniofac Surg. 2014;25(3):1076–8.
Goldfarb JM, Rabinowitz MR, Basnyat S, Nyquist GG, Rosen MR. Head and Neck Manifestations of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: A Systematic Review. Otolaryngol - Head Neck Surg (United States). 2016;155(5):771–8.
McCuiston A, Bishop JA. Usefulness of NKX2.2 Immunohistochemistry for Distinguishing Ewing Sarcoma from Other Sinonasal Small Round Blue Cell Tumors. Head Neck Pathol. 2018;12(1):89–94.
Nikitakis NG, Salama AR, O’Malley BW, Ord RA, Papadimitriou JC. Malignant peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor-peripheral neuroepithelioma of the head and neck: A clinicopathologic study of five cases and review of the literature. Head Neck. 2003;25(6):488–98.
Qaisi M, Eid I. Pediatric Head and Neck Malignancies. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am [Internet]. 2016;28(1):11–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coms.2015.07.008
Windfuhr JP. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the head and neck: Incidence, diagnosis, and management. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2004;113(7):533–43.
Haddad M, Triglia JM, Helardot P, Couanet D, Gauthier F, Neuenschwander S, et al. Localized cervical neuroblastoma: Prevention of surgical complications. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2003;67(12):1361–7.
Littooij AS, de Keizer B. Imaging in neuroblastoma. Pediatr Radiol [Internet]. 2022;1–5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-022-05489-2
de Kraker J, Hoefnagel KA, Verschuur AC, van Eck B, van Santen HM, Caron HN. Iodine-131-metaiodobenzylguanidine as initial induction therapy in stage 4 neuroblastoma patients over 1 year of age. Eur J Cancer. 2008;44:551–6.
Chadha NK, Forte V. Pediatric head and neck malignancies. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;17(6):471–6.
Toro JR, Travis LB, Hongyu JW, Zhu K, Fletcher CDM, Devesa SS. Incidence patterns of soft tissue sarcomas, regardless of primary site, in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results program, 1978-2001: An analysis of 26,758 cases. Int J Cancer. 2006;119(12):2922–30.
Cynthia Leaphart DR. Pediatric surgical oncology: Management of rhabdomyosarcoma. Surg Oncol. 2007;16:173–85.
Oda Y, Tsuneyoshi M. Recent advances in the molecular pathology of soft tissue sarcoma: Implications for diagnosis, patient prognosis, and molecular target therapy in the future. Cancer Sci. 2009;100(2):200–8.
Sorensen PHB, Lynch JC, Qualman SJ, Tirabosco R, Lim JF, Maurer HM, et al. PAX3-FKHR and PAX7-FKHR gene fusions are prognostic indicators in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: A report from the Children’s Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20(11):2672–9.
Pappo AS, Meza JL, Donaldson SS, Wharam MD, Wiener ES, Qualman SJ, et al. Treatment of localized nonorbital, nonparameningeal head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma: Lessons learned from Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Studies III and IV. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21(4):638–45.
Gillespie MB, Marshall DT, Day TA, Mitchell AO, White DR, Barredo JC. Pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck: Is There a Place for Surgical Management? Arch Head Neck Surg. 2000;126:468–72.
Gillespie MB, Marshall DT, Day TA, Mitchell AO, White DR, Barredo JC. Pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2006;7:13–22.
Qureshi SS, Bhagat M. Non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft-tissue sarcomas in children: Contemporary appraisal and experience from a single centre. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg. 2015;20(4):165–9.
Rai M, Hegde P, Devaraju UM. Congenital Facial Teratoma. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2012;11(2):243–6.
Lanzkowsky P. Germ Cell Tumors. In: Manual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology [Internet]. Academic Press; 2011 [cited 2023 Feb 19]. p. 776–95. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780123751546000276
Vergamini LB, Frazier AL, Abrantes FL, Ribeiro KB, Rodriguez-Galindo C. Increase in the incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in children, adolescents, and young adults: A population-based study. J Pediatr [Internet]. 2014;164(6):1481–5. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.01.059
JEREMY T. GUILLE, ADWOA OPOKU-BOATENG, SUSAN L. THIBEAULT HC. Evaluation and management of the solid thyroid nodule. Oncologist. 2015;20:19–27.
Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, Doherty GM, Mandel SJ, Nikiforov YE, et al. 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Vol. 26, Thyroid. 2016. 1–133 p.
Roy R, Kouniavsky G, Schneider E, Allendorf JD, Chabot JA, Logerfo P, et al. Predictive factors of malignancy in pediatric thyroid nodules. Surgery [Internet]. 2011;150(6):1228–33. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2011.09.023
Jatana KR, Zimmerman D. Pediatric thyroid nodules and malignancy. Otolaryngol Clin North Am [Internet]. 2015;48:47–58. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otc.2014.09.005
Mazzaferri EL, Kloos RT. Current approaches to primary therapy for papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(4):1447–63.
Yoskovitch A, Laberge JM, Rodd C, Sinsky A, Gaskin D. Cystic thyroid lesions in children. J Pediatr Surg. 1998;33(6):866–70.
Gupta A, Ly S, Castroneves LA, Frates MC, Benson CB, Feldman HA, et al. A standardized assessment of thyroid nodules in children confirms higher cancer prevalence than in adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(8):3238–45.
Rivkees SA, Mazzaferri EL, Verburg FA, Reiners C, Luster M, Breuer CK, et al. The treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer in children: Emphasis on surgical approach and radioactive iodine therapy. Endocr Rev. 2011;32(6):798–826.
Catherine A. Dinauer CB and SAR. Differentiated thyroid cancer in children: diagnosis and management. Clin Manag Thyroid Cancer. 2008;20(1):59–65.
Cooper DS, Doherty GM, Haugen BR, Kloos RT, Lee SL, Mandel SJ, et al. Revised American thyroid association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2009;19(11):1167–214.
Enomoto Y, Enomoto K, Uchino S, Shibuya H, Watanabe S, Noguchi S. Clinical features, treatment, and long-term outcome of papillary thyroid cancer in children and adolescents without radiation exposure. World J Surg. 2012;36(6):1241–6.
Starenki D, Park J-I. Pediatric Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. J Pediatr Oncol. 2016;3(2):29–37.
Ton GTN, Banaszynski ME, Kolesar JM. Vandetanib: a novel targeted therapy for the treatment of metastatic or locally advanced medullary thyroid cancer. Am J Heal Pharm. 2013;70(10):849–55.
Hogan AR, Zhuge Y, Perez EA, Koniaris LG, Lew JI, Sola JE. Pediatric Thyroid Carcinoma: Incidence and Outcomes in 1753 Patients. J Surg Res [Internet]. 2009;156(1):167–72. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2009.03.098
Ayan I, Kaytan E, Ayan N. Childhood nasopharyngeal carcinoma: From biology to treatment. Lancet Oncol. 2003;4(1):13–21.
Dourthe ME, Bolle S, Temam S, Jouin A, Claude L, Reguerre Y, et al. Childhood Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: State-of-the-Art, and Questions for the Future. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2018;40(2):85–92.
Sayfalar
227-246
Yayınlanan
5 Nisan 2024
Telif Hakkı (c) 2024 Akademisyen Yayınevi Kitap Portalı
Lisans
LisansNasıl Atıf Yapılır
1.
Duymaz YK. Baş ve Boyun Tümörleri. Içinde: Şahin Önder S, editör. Pediatrik Kulak Burun Boğaz Hastalıkları [Internet]. Türkiye: Akademisyen Yayınevi Kitap DOI Portalı; 2024 [a.yer 13 Temmuz 2026]. ss. 227-46. Erişim adresi: https://omp35.books.akademisyen.net/index.php/akya/catalog/book/2917/chapter/13302
