Akut Kolesistit Tedavisinde Güncel Yaklaşımlar
References
Shaffer EA. “Epidemiology and risk factors for gallstone disease: has the paradigm changed in the 21st century?.” Current gastroenterology reports vol. 7,2 (2005): 132-140. doi:10.1007/s11894-005-0051-8
Kratzer W, Mason RA, Kächele V. “Prevalence of gallstones in sonographic surveys worldwide.” Journal of clinical ultrasound 1999;27: 1-7. doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0096(199901)27:1<1::aid-jcu1>3.0.co;2-h
Friedman GD. Natural history of asymptomatic and symptomatic gallstones. Am J Surg. 1993;165(4): 399–404.
Attili AF, Carulli N, Roda E, et al. Epidemiology of gallstone disease in Italy: Prevalence data of the multicenter Italian study on cholelithiasis (M.I.COL.). Am J Epidemiol. 1995;141(2): 158–165.
Kimura Y, Takada T, Strasberg SM, et al. Current terminology, etiology, and epidemiology of acute cholangitis and cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2013;20(1): 8–23.
Stinton LM, Myers RP, Shaffer EA. Epidemiology of gallstones. Gastroenterol Clin N Am. 2010;39(2): 157–169.
7.Abbasoğlu O.Hepatobilier sistemin cerrahi infeksiyon hastalıkları. Güncel bilgiler ışığında İnfeksiyon hastalıkları. Uzun Ö, Ünal S (Ed). Bilimsel Tıp yayınevi;2001. p.549-558.
Naidu K, Beenen E, Gananadha S, et al. The yield of fever, inflammatory markers and ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis: a validation of the 2013 Tokyo Guidelines. World J Surg. 2016;40: 2892–2897.
Hwang H, Marsh I, Doyle J. Does ultrasonography accurately diagnose acute cholecystitis? Improving diagnostic accuracy based on a review at a regional hospital. Can J Surg. 2014;57:162–168.
Villar J, Summers SM, Menchine MD, et al. The absence of gallstones on point-of-care ultrasound rules out acute cholecystitis. J Emerg Med. 2015;49: 475–480.
Kaoutzanis C, Davies E, Leichtle SW, et al. Abdominal ultrasound versus hepato-imino diacetic acid scan in diagnosing acute cholecystitis–what is the real benefit? J Surg Res. 2014;1: 44–52.
Rodriguez LE, Santaliz-Ruiz LE, De La Torre-Bisot G, et al. Clinical implications of hepatobiliary scintigraphy and ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Int J Surg. 2016;35: 196–200.
Ansaloni L, Pisano M, Coccolini F, et al. 2016 WSES guidelines on acute calculous cholecystitis. World J Emerg Surg. 2016;11: 25.
European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of gallstones. J Hepatol. 2016;65: 146–181.
Internal Clinical Guidelines Team (UK). Gallstone disease: diagnosis and management of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis and choledocholithiasis. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (UK); 2014.
Yeh DD, Cropano C, Fagenholz P, et al. Gangrenous cholecystitis: deceiving ultrasounds, significant delay in surgical consult, and increased postoperative morbidity. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015;79: 812–816.
Bates DD, LeBedis CA, Soto JA, et al. Use of magnetic resonance in pancreaticobiliary emergencies. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2016;24: 433–448.
Watanabe Y, Nagayama M, Okumura A, et al. MR imaging of acute biliary disorders. Radiographics. 2007;27: 477–495.
Hirota M, Takada T, Kawarada Y, et al. Diagnostic criteria and severity assessment of acute cholecystitis: Tokyo Guidelines. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2007;14: 78–82.
. Yokoe M, Takada T, Strasberg SM, et al. New diagnostic criteria and severity assessment of acute cholecystitis in revised Tokyo guidelines. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2012;19: 578–585.
Gomes RM, Mehta NT, Varik V, et al. No 72-hour pathological boundary for safe early laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis: a clinicopathological study. Ann Gastroenterol. 2013; 26: 340–345
Roulin D, Saadi A, Di Mare L. Early versus delayed cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis, are the 72 hours still the rule? A randomized trial. Ann Surg. 2016;264: 717–722. https:// doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000001886
Gurusamy KS, Davidson C, Gluud C, et al. (2013) Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for people with acute cholecystitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 6. https:// doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005440.pub3.
Cao AM, Eslick GD, Cox MR. Early cholecystectomy is superior to delayed cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a meta-analysis. J Gastrointest Surg. 2015;19: 848–857. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s11605-015-2747-x
Cao AM, Eslick GD, Cox MR. Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is superior to delayed acute cholecystitis: a metaanalysis of case–control studies. Surg Endosc Other Interv Tech. 2016;30: 1172–1182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-015-4325-4
Özkardes AB, Tokac M, Dumlu EG, et al. Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a prospective, randomized study. Int Surg. 2014; 99: 56–61. https://doi.org/10.9738/INTSURG-D-13-00068.1
Degrate L, Ciravegna AL, Luperto M et alAcute ch. olecystitis: the golden 72-h period is not a strict limit to perform early cholecystectomy. Results from 316 consecutive patients. Langenbeck’s Arch Surg. 2013;398: 1129–1136. https://doi.org/10. 1007/s00423-013-1131-0.
Song G-M, Bian W, Zeng X-T et al. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: early or delayed?: Evidence from a systematic review of discordant meta-analyses. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016;95: 3835
Wu XD, Tian X, Liu MM et al. Meta-analysis comparing early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. Br J Surg. 2015;102: 1302–1313. https://doi.org/10.1002/ bjs.9886
Zafar SN, Obirieze A, Adesibikan B et al. Optimal time for early laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. JAMA Surg. 2015;150: 129–136. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg. 2014.2339
Lyu Y, Cheng Y, Wang B et al. Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: an up-todate meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Surg Endosc. 2018;32: 4728–4741
Kiriyama S, Kozaka K, Takada T et al. Tokyo Guidelines 2018: diagnostic criteria and severity grading of acute cholecystit (with videos). J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018;25: 41–54
Okamoto K, Suzuki K, Takada T et al. Tokyo Guidelines 2018: fowchart for the management of acute cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018;25: 55–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/ jhbp.516
De Goede B, Klitsie PJ, Hagen SM, et al. Meta-analysis of laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy for patients with liver cirrhosis and symptomatic cholecystolithiasis. Br J Surg. 2013;100(2): 209–16.
Lucidi V, Buggenhout A, Donckier V. Cholecystectomy in cirrhotic patients : Pitfalls and reasonable recommendations. Acta Chir Belg. 2009;109(4): 477– 80.
Palanivelu C, Rajan PS, Jani K, et al. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Cirrhotic Patients: The Role of Subtotal Cholecystectomy and Its Variants. J Am Coll Surg. 2006;203(2): 145–51.
Elshaer M, Gravante G, Thomas K, et al. Subtotal cholecystectomy for “Difficult gallbladders”: Systematic review and metaanalysis. JAMA Surg. 2015;150(2): 159–68
Kratzer W, Mason RA, Kächele V. “Prevalence of gallstones in sonographic surveys worldwide.” Journal of clinical ultrasound 1999;27: 1-7. doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0096(199901)27:1<1::aid-jcu1>3.0.co;2-h
Friedman GD. Natural history of asymptomatic and symptomatic gallstones. Am J Surg. 1993;165(4): 399–404.
Attili AF, Carulli N, Roda E, et al. Epidemiology of gallstone disease in Italy: Prevalence data of the multicenter Italian study on cholelithiasis (M.I.COL.). Am J Epidemiol. 1995;141(2): 158–165.
Kimura Y, Takada T, Strasberg SM, et al. Current terminology, etiology, and epidemiology of acute cholangitis and cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2013;20(1): 8–23.
Stinton LM, Myers RP, Shaffer EA. Epidemiology of gallstones. Gastroenterol Clin N Am. 2010;39(2): 157–169.
7.Abbasoğlu O.Hepatobilier sistemin cerrahi infeksiyon hastalıkları. Güncel bilgiler ışığında İnfeksiyon hastalıkları. Uzun Ö, Ünal S (Ed). Bilimsel Tıp yayınevi;2001. p.549-558.
Naidu K, Beenen E, Gananadha S, et al. The yield of fever, inflammatory markers and ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis: a validation of the 2013 Tokyo Guidelines. World J Surg. 2016;40: 2892–2897.
Hwang H, Marsh I, Doyle J. Does ultrasonography accurately diagnose acute cholecystitis? Improving diagnostic accuracy based on a review at a regional hospital. Can J Surg. 2014;57:162–168.
Villar J, Summers SM, Menchine MD, et al. The absence of gallstones on point-of-care ultrasound rules out acute cholecystitis. J Emerg Med. 2015;49: 475–480.
Kaoutzanis C, Davies E, Leichtle SW, et al. Abdominal ultrasound versus hepato-imino diacetic acid scan in diagnosing acute cholecystitis–what is the real benefit? J Surg Res. 2014;1: 44–52.
Rodriguez LE, Santaliz-Ruiz LE, De La Torre-Bisot G, et al. Clinical implications of hepatobiliary scintigraphy and ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Int J Surg. 2016;35: 196–200.
Ansaloni L, Pisano M, Coccolini F, et al. 2016 WSES guidelines on acute calculous cholecystitis. World J Emerg Surg. 2016;11: 25.
European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of gallstones. J Hepatol. 2016;65: 146–181.
Internal Clinical Guidelines Team (UK). Gallstone disease: diagnosis and management of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis and choledocholithiasis. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (UK); 2014.
Yeh DD, Cropano C, Fagenholz P, et al. Gangrenous cholecystitis: deceiving ultrasounds, significant delay in surgical consult, and increased postoperative morbidity. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015;79: 812–816.
Bates DD, LeBedis CA, Soto JA, et al. Use of magnetic resonance in pancreaticobiliary emergencies. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2016;24: 433–448.
Watanabe Y, Nagayama M, Okumura A, et al. MR imaging of acute biliary disorders. Radiographics. 2007;27: 477–495.
Hirota M, Takada T, Kawarada Y, et al. Diagnostic criteria and severity assessment of acute cholecystitis: Tokyo Guidelines. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2007;14: 78–82.
. Yokoe M, Takada T, Strasberg SM, et al. New diagnostic criteria and severity assessment of acute cholecystitis in revised Tokyo guidelines. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2012;19: 578–585.
Gomes RM, Mehta NT, Varik V, et al. No 72-hour pathological boundary for safe early laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis: a clinicopathological study. Ann Gastroenterol. 2013; 26: 340–345
Roulin D, Saadi A, Di Mare L. Early versus delayed cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis, are the 72 hours still the rule? A randomized trial. Ann Surg. 2016;264: 717–722. https:// doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000001886
Gurusamy KS, Davidson C, Gluud C, et al. (2013) Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for people with acute cholecystitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 6. https:// doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005440.pub3.
Cao AM, Eslick GD, Cox MR. Early cholecystectomy is superior to delayed cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a meta-analysis. J Gastrointest Surg. 2015;19: 848–857. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s11605-015-2747-x
Cao AM, Eslick GD, Cox MR. Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is superior to delayed acute cholecystitis: a metaanalysis of case–control studies. Surg Endosc Other Interv Tech. 2016;30: 1172–1182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-015-4325-4
Özkardes AB, Tokac M, Dumlu EG, et al. Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a prospective, randomized study. Int Surg. 2014; 99: 56–61. https://doi.org/10.9738/INTSURG-D-13-00068.1
Degrate L, Ciravegna AL, Luperto M et alAcute ch. olecystitis: the golden 72-h period is not a strict limit to perform early cholecystectomy. Results from 316 consecutive patients. Langenbeck’s Arch Surg. 2013;398: 1129–1136. https://doi.org/10. 1007/s00423-013-1131-0.
Song G-M, Bian W, Zeng X-T et al. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: early or delayed?: Evidence from a systematic review of discordant meta-analyses. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016;95: 3835
Wu XD, Tian X, Liu MM et al. Meta-analysis comparing early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. Br J Surg. 2015;102: 1302–1313. https://doi.org/10.1002/ bjs.9886
Zafar SN, Obirieze A, Adesibikan B et al. Optimal time for early laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. JAMA Surg. 2015;150: 129–136. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg. 2014.2339
Lyu Y, Cheng Y, Wang B et al. Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: an up-todate meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Surg Endosc. 2018;32: 4728–4741
Kiriyama S, Kozaka K, Takada T et al. Tokyo Guidelines 2018: diagnostic criteria and severity grading of acute cholecystit (with videos). J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018;25: 41–54
Okamoto K, Suzuki K, Takada T et al. Tokyo Guidelines 2018: fowchart for the management of acute cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018;25: 55–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/ jhbp.516
De Goede B, Klitsie PJ, Hagen SM, et al. Meta-analysis of laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy for patients with liver cirrhosis and symptomatic cholecystolithiasis. Br J Surg. 2013;100(2): 209–16.
Lucidi V, Buggenhout A, Donckier V. Cholecystectomy in cirrhotic patients : Pitfalls and reasonable recommendations. Acta Chir Belg. 2009;109(4): 477– 80.
Palanivelu C, Rajan PS, Jani K, et al. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Cirrhotic Patients: The Role of Subtotal Cholecystectomy and Its Variants. J Am Coll Surg. 2006;203(2): 145–51.
Elshaer M, Gravante G, Thomas K, et al. Subtotal cholecystectomy for “Difficult gallbladders”: Systematic review and metaanalysis. JAMA Surg. 2015;150(2): 159–68
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April 5, 2023
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Aydoğan S, Ergenç T. Akut Kolesistit Tedavisinde Güncel Yaklaşımlar. In: Alabaz Ö, editor. Güncel Genel Cerrahi Çalışmaları IV [Internet]. Türkiye: Academician Publishing Book DOI Portal; 2023 [cited 2026 Jul. 15]. pp. 1-8. Available from: https://omp35.books.akademisyen.net/index.php/akya/catalog/book/2553/chapter/12751
