Bağımlılıkla Mücadele
Synopsis
Bağımlılık bireyi fiziksel, duygusal, sosyal, ekonomik anlamda etkileyen çok önemli bir sağlık sorunu olmasının yanısıra bireyin ailesini, çevresini, toplumu da ilgilendiren bir konudur. Bağımlılık sadece madde bağımlılığını değil davranışsal (internet, alışveriş, seks vb.) bağımlılığı da içermektedir. Önlenebilir bir sorun olan bağımlılık tedavisi zahmetli, masraflı ve daha zor olan bir hastalıktır. Bu nedenle hastalığın oluşmadan önce önlenmesi çok önemlidir. Bu bölümde dünyada ve ülkemizde bağımlılığı önleme stratejilerinden de bahsedilmiştir.
References
Aktan O, Yılmaz M, Yılmaz M. Ortaokullarda uygulanan bağımlılıkla mücadele programının etkililiğinin değerlendirilmesine yönelik yönetici, öğretmen ve veli görüşleri. Addicta Turkish J Addict. 2018;5(4).
Arabacı L, Dağlı AD. Madde ile ilişkili bozukluklar ve hemşirelik bakımı. R. In: Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıklarında Temel Hemşirelik Bakımı. 2020. p. 309–31.
Miller WR, Forcehimes AA, Zweben A. Treating addiction, Second Edition: A Guide for Professionals [Internet]. Secod Edit. The Guilford Press; 2019. 12 p. Available from: https://books.google.com/books?id=9IOaDwAAQBAJ
Söyler S, Çavmak Ş. Madde bağımlılıkları ve madde dışı bağımlılıklar. In: Temel sağlık hi̇zmetleri̇ bağlaminda sağlik eği̇ti̇mi̇ ve bağiımlılıkla mücadele. 2020. p. 41.
Currie-McGhee L. What are the dangers of drug addiction. In: Drug addiction. 2011. p. 49–59.
Ümmet D. Uçucu madde, kokain ve crack (taş) bağımlılığı. In: Eryılmaz, A. DM, Editor. Tüm yönleriyle bağımlılık. Ankara: Pegem Akademi; 2021. p. 170–85.
Modrzyński R. Alcohol use disorder according to DSM-5 Opportunities and constraints resulting from changing diagnostic criteria. Resocjal Pol. 2020;19(1):47–57.
Obembe SB. Addiction and its Etiology. In: Practical Skills and Clinical Management of Alcoholism and Drug Addiction. ELSEIVER. 2012. p. 5.
Rajendram R, Preedy V. Understanding tobacco use in different countries. In: Neuroscience of Nicotine. 2019. p. 529.
Ayazoğlu BA, Aksu M, Ünübol H, Sayar GH. Alışveriş bağımlılıüı. Etkileşim. 2019;4:44–64.
Ko YM, Roh S, Lee TK. The association of problematic internet shopping with dissociation among south korean internet users. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(9):3235.
Uzarska A, Czerwiński SK, Atroszko PA. Measurement of shopping addiction and its relationship with personality traits and well-being among Polish undergraduate students. Curr Psychol. 2021;1–17.
Ingham GR. Love of having: Compulsive buying, spending, and hoarding. George R. Ingham, Ph.D., LICSW; 2015. 176.
Almourad MB, McAlaney J, Skinner T, Pleva M, Ali R. Defining digital addiction: Key features from the literature. Psihologija. 2020;53(3):237–53.
Yau Y, Leeman R, Potenza M. Hypersexual disorder or compulsive sexual behavior disorder. In: El-Guebaly N, Carra G, Galanter M, Baldacchino AM, editors. Textbook of Addiction Treatment: International Perspectives. Second Edition. Springer; 2015. p. 901–3.
Nakaya AC. Is internet and social media addiction a serious problem? In: Nakaya A, editor. Internet and social mesia addiction. United States: ReferencePoint Press; 2015. p. 17.
Can L, Kaya N. Social networking sites addiction and the effect of attitude towards social network advertising. Procedia - Soc Behav Sci [Internet]. 2016;235(October):484–92. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.11.059
Cao X, Gong M, Yu L, Dai B. Exploring the mechanism of social media addiction: an empirical study from WeChat users. Internet Res. 2020;30(4):1305–28.
Sun Y, Zhang Y. A review of theories and models applied in studies of social media addiction and implications for future research. Addict Behav. 2021;114(October 2020):106699.
Yu S, Sussman S. Does smartphone addiction fall on a continuum of addictive behaviors? Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(2):1–21.
Shen L. Treatment of internet addiction. In: Samli, R editör Psychological, Social, and Cultural Aspects of Internet Addiction. 2018. p. 23–43.
Olle D, Westcott J. What is video game addiction? In: Video game addiction. 2018. p. 31–2.
Çakar E. Oyun bağımlılığı. In: Eryılmaz, A., & Deniz M, editor. Tüm yöneriyle bağımlılık. Ankara: Pegem Akademi; 2021. p. 42–72.
Wilcox C. What is gamblingaddiction. In: Gambling addiction [Internet]. 2014. p. 32. Available from: www.referencepointpress.com.
Pettorruso M, Zoratto F, Miuli A, De Risio L, Santorelli M, Pierotti A, et al. Exploring dopaminergic transmission in gambling addiction: A systematic translational review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev [Internet]. 2020;119(April):481–511. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.034
Ede MO, Omeje JC, Ncheke DC, Agah JJ, Chinweuba NH, Amoke CV. Assessment of the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioural therapy in reducing pathological gambling. J Gambl Stud [Internet]. 2020;36(4):1325–39. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-020-09981-y
Shah P, Quilty L, Kim J, Graff-Guerrero A, Gerretsen P. Impaired awareness of problem and pathological gambling: A Review. J Gambl Stud [Internet]. 2020;36(1):39–50. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-019-09926-0
Kızılok GE. Cinsel Bağımlılık: Tanımı, etiyolojisi ve tedavisi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar - Curr Approaches Psychiatry. 2021;13(3):394–411.
Levi G, Cohen C, Kaliche S, Sharaabi S, Cohen K, Tzur-Bitan D, et al. Sexual addiction, compulsivity, and impulsivity among a predominantly female sample of adults who use the internet for sex. J Behav Addict. 2020;9(1):83–92.
van Wormer K, Davis D. Addicton treatment: A strenghts perspective. In: Addiction Treatment. 2016. p. 456.
Wormer K Van, Davis DR, Marta P, Perriard L. addiction treatment a strengths perspectives. Cengage Learning; 2018.
Popescu A, Marian M, Drăgoi A, Costea R-V. Understanding the genetics and neurobiological pathways behind addiction (Review). Exp Ther Med. 2021;21(5):1–10.
Fay DL, Akhavan S, Goldberg VM. Overcoming internet addiction for dummies. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 6(11), p.106–111, 951–952, 1967.
Mosutafa A. An introduction to associative learning and underlying neural circuitry. In: Cognitive, clinical, and neural aspects of drug addiction. 2020. p. 141.
Fulton BS. Neuroanatomy of the reward system. Vol. 9780470614, Drug Discovery for the Treatment of Addiction: Medicinal Chemistry Strategies. Wiley; 2014. p. 21.
Kaya E, Akpinar D, Akpinar H. Bağımlılığın patofizyolojisi. Muğla Sıtkı Koçam Üniversitesi Tıp Derg. 2019;6(3):166–70.
Eren H. Opiyatlara bağımlılık (Opiyat kullanım bozukluğu). In: Eryılmaz, A., & Deniz M, editor. Tüm yöneriyle bağımlılık. Ankara: Pegem Akademi; 2021. p. 188–99.
Lawrence LM, Elphinstone B. Coping associated with compulsive buying tendency. Stress Heal. 2021;37(2):263–71.
Estévez A, Jauregui P, Momeñe J, Macia L, López-González H, Iruarrizaga I, et al. Longitudinal changes in gambling, buying and materialism in adolescents: A population-based study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(6):1–17.
Nakayama H, Higuchi S. Internet addiction. Vol. 73, Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine. 2015. p. 1559–1566.
van Wormer K, Davis D. Eating disorders, gambling, shopping, and other bahavioral addictions. In: van Wormer K, Davis D, editors. Addiction treatment a stengths perspective. Second Edi. Thomson Higher Education; 2008. p. 313.
Adams K, Love T. The aetiology and differential diagnosis of sex addiction. In: Birchard, T, Benfield, J editorlerThe Routledge International Handbook of Sexual Addiction. 2018. p. 108.
Malandain L, Blanc JV, Ferreri F, Thibaut F. Pharmacotherapy of sexual addiction. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2020;22(30):1–8.
Wei, Z., Chen X, Zhang X. Comparison Between Substance and Non-substance Addictions in Treatment. In: Zhang, Xiaochu Shi, Jie Tao, Ran editorler Substance and Non- substance Addiction. 2017. p. 345.
İkiz F. Alışveriş bağımlılığı. In: Eryılmaz A, Deniz M, editors. Tüm yöneriyle bağımlılık. Ankara: Pegem Akademi; 2021. p. 2–20.
Grant J, Odlaug B. Diagnosis and treatment of gambling disorder. In: Rosenberg, KP Feder, LC editörler Behavioral addictions criteria, evidence, and treatment. 2014. p. 35–48.
Stewart H, Fedoroff JP. Assessment and treatment of sexual people with complaints of hypersexuality. Curr Sex Heal Reports. 2014;6(2):136–44.
Sassover E, Weinstein A. Should compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) be considered as a behavioral addiction? A debate paper presenting the opposing view. J Behav Addict. 2022;11(2):166–79.
Sevim A. Yetişkinlerde cinsel bağımlılık, erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar ve yaşam doyumu ilişkileri. T.C. Maltepe Üniversitesi; 2018.
Yoldaş C, Demircioğlu H. Madde kullanımı ve bağımlılığını önlemeye yönelik psikoeğitim programlarının incelenmesi and addiction. Bağımlılık Derg. 2020;1(1):72–91.
Göçmen A, Derin N, Metin A, Öztürk ME, Kariper A. Review of international programs fighting against drugs. J Subst Use [Internet]. 2021;26(3):228–33. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2020.1808722
Haug S, Castro RP, Wenger A, Schaub MP. A mobile phone–based life-skills training program for substance use prevention among adolescents: Cluster-randomized controlled trial. JMIR mHealth uHealth. 2021;9(7):e26951.
Soemari YB, Sapri, Maghfiroh F, Yuniarti, Achaditani NM, Variani R, Tsabitah AF, et al. The problem of international fighting drug abuse. J Chem Inf Model [Internet]. 2020;2(1):5–7.
Ertek İ, İlhan M. Toplum ruh sağlığı açısından bağımlılıklar. In: Türkiye Klinikleri. 2021. p. 44–50.
Satıcı B. Sosyal medya ve akıllı tefon bağımlılığı. In: Eryılmaz, A., Deniz, ME., editor. Tüm yöneriyle bağımlılık. Ankara: Pegem Akademi; 2021. p. 24–38.
Calado F, Alexandre J, Rosenfeld L, Pereira R, Griffiths MD. The Efficacy of a Gambling Prevention Program Among High-School Students. J Gambl Stud [Internet]. 2020;36(2):573–95. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-019-09908-2
Abel, GG., Coffey, L., Osborn C. Cinsel uyarılma örüntüleri: Normal ve sapkın. In: Schwartz, MF., Berlin F, editor. Cinsel Kompülsif Davranış: Hiperseksüelite. Sigma Publishing Danışmanlık ve Organizasyon Ltd. Şti; 2009. p. 79–91.
Gerber J. Cinsel kompulsiyonları olan ergenlerin tedavisi. In: Schwartz, MF., Berlin F, editor. Cinsel Kompülsif Davranış: Hiperseksüelite. Gerber, J. Sigma Publishing Danışmanlık ve Organizasyon Ltd. Şti; 2009. p. 91–104.
Galante, L., french, C., Grace K. Substance Abuse. In: Dupont, Robert L, editör JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 2015. p. 229–38.
Fırıncık S. Madde ve bağımlılık. In: Gürhan N, editor. Ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliği. Ankara: Ankara Nobel Tıp Kitabevi; 2016. p. 621–62.
Arabacı L, Dağlı AD. Madde ile ilişkili bozukluklar ve hemşirelik bakımı. R. In: Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıklarında Temel Hemşirelik Bakımı. 2020. p. 309–31.
Miller WR, Forcehimes AA, Zweben A. Treating addiction, Second Edition: A Guide for Professionals [Internet]. Secod Edit. The Guilford Press; 2019. 12 p. Available from: https://books.google.com/books?id=9IOaDwAAQBAJ
Söyler S, Çavmak Ş. Madde bağımlılıkları ve madde dışı bağımlılıklar. In: Temel sağlık hi̇zmetleri̇ bağlaminda sağlik eği̇ti̇mi̇ ve bağiımlılıkla mücadele. 2020. p. 41.
Currie-McGhee L. What are the dangers of drug addiction. In: Drug addiction. 2011. p. 49–59.
Ümmet D. Uçucu madde, kokain ve crack (taş) bağımlılığı. In: Eryılmaz, A. DM, Editor. Tüm yönleriyle bağımlılık. Ankara: Pegem Akademi; 2021. p. 170–85.
Modrzyński R. Alcohol use disorder according to DSM-5 Opportunities and constraints resulting from changing diagnostic criteria. Resocjal Pol. 2020;19(1):47–57.
Obembe SB. Addiction and its Etiology. In: Practical Skills and Clinical Management of Alcoholism and Drug Addiction. ELSEIVER. 2012. p. 5.
Rajendram R, Preedy V. Understanding tobacco use in different countries. In: Neuroscience of Nicotine. 2019. p. 529.
Ayazoğlu BA, Aksu M, Ünübol H, Sayar GH. Alışveriş bağımlılıüı. Etkileşim. 2019;4:44–64.
Ko YM, Roh S, Lee TK. The association of problematic internet shopping with dissociation among south korean internet users. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(9):3235.
Uzarska A, Czerwiński SK, Atroszko PA. Measurement of shopping addiction and its relationship with personality traits and well-being among Polish undergraduate students. Curr Psychol. 2021;1–17.
Ingham GR. Love of having: Compulsive buying, spending, and hoarding. George R. Ingham, Ph.D., LICSW; 2015. 176.
Almourad MB, McAlaney J, Skinner T, Pleva M, Ali R. Defining digital addiction: Key features from the literature. Psihologija. 2020;53(3):237–53.
Yau Y, Leeman R, Potenza M. Hypersexual disorder or compulsive sexual behavior disorder. In: El-Guebaly N, Carra G, Galanter M, Baldacchino AM, editors. Textbook of Addiction Treatment: International Perspectives. Second Edition. Springer; 2015. p. 901–3.
Nakaya AC. Is internet and social media addiction a serious problem? In: Nakaya A, editor. Internet and social mesia addiction. United States: ReferencePoint Press; 2015. p. 17.
Can L, Kaya N. Social networking sites addiction and the effect of attitude towards social network advertising. Procedia - Soc Behav Sci [Internet]. 2016;235(October):484–92. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.11.059
Cao X, Gong M, Yu L, Dai B. Exploring the mechanism of social media addiction: an empirical study from WeChat users. Internet Res. 2020;30(4):1305–28.
Sun Y, Zhang Y. A review of theories and models applied in studies of social media addiction and implications for future research. Addict Behav. 2021;114(October 2020):106699.
Yu S, Sussman S. Does smartphone addiction fall on a continuum of addictive behaviors? Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(2):1–21.
Shen L. Treatment of internet addiction. In: Samli, R editör Psychological, Social, and Cultural Aspects of Internet Addiction. 2018. p. 23–43.
Olle D, Westcott J. What is video game addiction? In: Video game addiction. 2018. p. 31–2.
Çakar E. Oyun bağımlılığı. In: Eryılmaz, A., & Deniz M, editor. Tüm yöneriyle bağımlılık. Ankara: Pegem Akademi; 2021. p. 42–72.
Wilcox C. What is gamblingaddiction. In: Gambling addiction [Internet]. 2014. p. 32. Available from: www.referencepointpress.com.
Pettorruso M, Zoratto F, Miuli A, De Risio L, Santorelli M, Pierotti A, et al. Exploring dopaminergic transmission in gambling addiction: A systematic translational review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev [Internet]. 2020;119(April):481–511. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.034
Ede MO, Omeje JC, Ncheke DC, Agah JJ, Chinweuba NH, Amoke CV. Assessment of the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioural therapy in reducing pathological gambling. J Gambl Stud [Internet]. 2020;36(4):1325–39. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-020-09981-y
Shah P, Quilty L, Kim J, Graff-Guerrero A, Gerretsen P. Impaired awareness of problem and pathological gambling: A Review. J Gambl Stud [Internet]. 2020;36(1):39–50. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-019-09926-0
Kızılok GE. Cinsel Bağımlılık: Tanımı, etiyolojisi ve tedavisi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar - Curr Approaches Psychiatry. 2021;13(3):394–411.
Levi G, Cohen C, Kaliche S, Sharaabi S, Cohen K, Tzur-Bitan D, et al. Sexual addiction, compulsivity, and impulsivity among a predominantly female sample of adults who use the internet for sex. J Behav Addict. 2020;9(1):83–92.
van Wormer K, Davis D. Addicton treatment: A strenghts perspective. In: Addiction Treatment. 2016. p. 456.
Wormer K Van, Davis DR, Marta P, Perriard L. addiction treatment a strengths perspectives. Cengage Learning; 2018.
Popescu A, Marian M, Drăgoi A, Costea R-V. Understanding the genetics and neurobiological pathways behind addiction (Review). Exp Ther Med. 2021;21(5):1–10.
Fay DL, Akhavan S, Goldberg VM. Overcoming internet addiction for dummies. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 6(11), p.106–111, 951–952, 1967.
Mosutafa A. An introduction to associative learning and underlying neural circuitry. In: Cognitive, clinical, and neural aspects of drug addiction. 2020. p. 141.
Fulton BS. Neuroanatomy of the reward system. Vol. 9780470614, Drug Discovery for the Treatment of Addiction: Medicinal Chemistry Strategies. Wiley; 2014. p. 21.
Kaya E, Akpinar D, Akpinar H. Bağımlılığın patofizyolojisi. Muğla Sıtkı Koçam Üniversitesi Tıp Derg. 2019;6(3):166–70.
Eren H. Opiyatlara bağımlılık (Opiyat kullanım bozukluğu). In: Eryılmaz, A., & Deniz M, editor. Tüm yöneriyle bağımlılık. Ankara: Pegem Akademi; 2021. p. 188–99.
Lawrence LM, Elphinstone B. Coping associated with compulsive buying tendency. Stress Heal. 2021;37(2):263–71.
Estévez A, Jauregui P, Momeñe J, Macia L, López-González H, Iruarrizaga I, et al. Longitudinal changes in gambling, buying and materialism in adolescents: A population-based study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(6):1–17.
Nakayama H, Higuchi S. Internet addiction. Vol. 73, Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine. 2015. p. 1559–1566.
van Wormer K, Davis D. Eating disorders, gambling, shopping, and other bahavioral addictions. In: van Wormer K, Davis D, editors. Addiction treatment a stengths perspective. Second Edi. Thomson Higher Education; 2008. p. 313.
Adams K, Love T. The aetiology and differential diagnosis of sex addiction. In: Birchard, T, Benfield, J editorlerThe Routledge International Handbook of Sexual Addiction. 2018. p. 108.
Malandain L, Blanc JV, Ferreri F, Thibaut F. Pharmacotherapy of sexual addiction. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2020;22(30):1–8.
Wei, Z., Chen X, Zhang X. Comparison Between Substance and Non-substance Addictions in Treatment. In: Zhang, Xiaochu Shi, Jie Tao, Ran editorler Substance and Non- substance Addiction. 2017. p. 345.
İkiz F. Alışveriş bağımlılığı. In: Eryılmaz A, Deniz M, editors. Tüm yöneriyle bağımlılık. Ankara: Pegem Akademi; 2021. p. 2–20.
Grant J, Odlaug B. Diagnosis and treatment of gambling disorder. In: Rosenberg, KP Feder, LC editörler Behavioral addictions criteria, evidence, and treatment. 2014. p. 35–48.
Stewart H, Fedoroff JP. Assessment and treatment of sexual people with complaints of hypersexuality. Curr Sex Heal Reports. 2014;6(2):136–44.
Sassover E, Weinstein A. Should compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) be considered as a behavioral addiction? A debate paper presenting the opposing view. J Behav Addict. 2022;11(2):166–79.
Sevim A. Yetişkinlerde cinsel bağımlılık, erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar ve yaşam doyumu ilişkileri. T.C. Maltepe Üniversitesi; 2018.
Yoldaş C, Demircioğlu H. Madde kullanımı ve bağımlılığını önlemeye yönelik psikoeğitim programlarının incelenmesi and addiction. Bağımlılık Derg. 2020;1(1):72–91.
Göçmen A, Derin N, Metin A, Öztürk ME, Kariper A. Review of international programs fighting against drugs. J Subst Use [Internet]. 2021;26(3):228–33. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2020.1808722
Haug S, Castro RP, Wenger A, Schaub MP. A mobile phone–based life-skills training program for substance use prevention among adolescents: Cluster-randomized controlled trial. JMIR mHealth uHealth. 2021;9(7):e26951.
Soemari YB, Sapri, Maghfiroh F, Yuniarti, Achaditani NM, Variani R, Tsabitah AF, et al. The problem of international fighting drug abuse. J Chem Inf Model [Internet]. 2020;2(1):5–7.
Ertek İ, İlhan M. Toplum ruh sağlığı açısından bağımlılıklar. In: Türkiye Klinikleri. 2021. p. 44–50.
Satıcı B. Sosyal medya ve akıllı tefon bağımlılığı. In: Eryılmaz, A., Deniz, ME., editor. Tüm yöneriyle bağımlılık. Ankara: Pegem Akademi; 2021. p. 24–38.
Calado F, Alexandre J, Rosenfeld L, Pereira R, Griffiths MD. The Efficacy of a Gambling Prevention Program Among High-School Students. J Gambl Stud [Internet]. 2020;36(2):573–95. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-019-09908-2
Abel, GG., Coffey, L., Osborn C. Cinsel uyarılma örüntüleri: Normal ve sapkın. In: Schwartz, MF., Berlin F, editor. Cinsel Kompülsif Davranış: Hiperseksüelite. Sigma Publishing Danışmanlık ve Organizasyon Ltd. Şti; 2009. p. 79–91.
Gerber J. Cinsel kompulsiyonları olan ergenlerin tedavisi. In: Schwartz, MF., Berlin F, editor. Cinsel Kompülsif Davranış: Hiperseksüelite. Gerber, J. Sigma Publishing Danışmanlık ve Organizasyon Ltd. Şti; 2009. p. 91–104.
Galante, L., french, C., Grace K. Substance Abuse. In: Dupont, Robert L, editör JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 2015. p. 229–38.
Fırıncık S. Madde ve bağımlılık. In: Gürhan N, editor. Ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliği. Ankara: Ankara Nobel Tıp Kitabevi; 2016. p. 621–62.
