Reişi Mantarı (Reishi Shiitake Maitake)
Synopsis
Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum), shiitake (Lentinus edodes) ve maitake (Grifola frondosa) mantarları, tıpta tedavi amaçlı kullanılmakta ve “tıbbi mantarlar” olarak bilinmektedir. Bu mantarların aktif metabolit ve biyoaktif bileşenlerinin yapılan in vivo çalışmalarda, hayvan deneylerinde ve retrospektif çalışmalarda kanser hücrelerinde apoptozu indükleyip, immun sistemi düzenleyerek antitümöral etki gösterdiği, kemoterapötik ajanlarla sinerjistik etkisinin olduğu ve bu ajanların yan etkilerini azalttığı, sağkalımı arttırdığı gösterilmiştir. Fakat literatürde bu mantar ekstreleri ile yapılan faz 3 insan çalışması bulunmamaktadır. Faz 3 insan çalışmalarının olmaması nedeniyle bu mantar ekstrelerinin günlük pratiği değiştirecek etkisi net olarak ortaya konamamıştır.
Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum), shiitake (Lentinus edodes), and maitake (Grifola frondosa) mushrooms are used for medicinal purposes in medicine and are known as "medicinal mushrooms." In vivo studies, animal experiments and retrospective studies have shown that the active metabolites and bioactive components of these mushrooms induce apoptosis in cancer cells, regulate the immune system, exhibit antitumoral effects, have a synergistic effect with chemotherapeutic agents, reduce the side effects of these agents and increase survival. However, there are no phase 3 human studies with these mushroom extracts in the literature. Due to the lack of phase 3 human studies, the definitive impact of these mushroom extracts on daily practice has not been clearly established.
References
Dai YC, Yang ZL, Cui BK et al. Species diversity and utilization of medicinal mushrooms and fungi in China (Review). International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 2009.11(3):287–302.
Pinya S, Ferriol P, Tajeda S et al. Mushrooms reishi (Ganoderma lucidum), shiitake (Lentinela edodes), maitake (Grifola frondosa). Nonvitamin and Nonmineral Nutritional Supplements. Academic Press, 2019. p. 517-26.
Wasser SP. Medicinal mushrooms as a source of antitumor and immunomodulating polysaccharides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2002 Nov;60(3):258-74.
Wisitrassameewong K, Karunarathna SC, Thongklang N et al. Agaricus subrufescens: A review. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2012 Apr;19(2):131-46.
Sullivan R, Smith JE, Rowan NJ. Medicinal mushrooms and cancer therapy: translating a traditional practice into Western medicine. Perspect Biol Med. 2006 Spring;49(2):159-70.
Sanodiya BS, Thakur GS, Baghel RK et al. Ganoderma lucidum: a potent pharmacological macrofungus. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2009 Dec;10(8):717-42.
Chen HS, Tsai YF, Lin S et al. Studies on the immuno-modulating and anti-tumor activities of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) polysaccharides. Bioorg Med Chem. 2004 Nov 1;12(21):5595-601.
Salgado R, Junius S, Benoy I et al. Circulating interleukin-6 predicts survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 2003 Feb 20;103(5):642-6.
Shi Z, Yang WM, Chen LP et al. Enhanced chemosensitization in multidrug-resistant human breast cancer cells by inhibition of IL-6 and IL-8 production. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012 Oct;135(3):737-47.
Barbieri A, Quagliariello V, Del Vecchio V et al. Anticancer and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Ganoderma lucidum Extract Effects on Melanoma and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment. Nutrients. 2017 Feb 28;9(3):210.
Chen X, Hu ZP, Yang XX et al. Monitoring of immune responses to a herbal immuno-modulator in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Int. Immunopharmacol, 2006, 6, 499–508.
Gao Y, Zhou S, Jiang W et al. Effects of Ganopoly (A Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Extract) on the Immune Functions in Advanced-Stage Cancer Patients. Immunol. Invest, 2003, 32, 201–15.
Jin X, Ruiz Beguerie J, Sze DM et al. Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev, 2012, 6, CD007731.
Liang ZE, Yi YJ, Guo YT et al. Inhibition of migration and induction of apoptosis in LoVo human colon cancer cells by polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum. Mol Med Rep. 2015 Nov;12(5):7629-36.
Liang Z, Guo YT, Yi YJ et al. Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides Target a Fas/Caspase Dependent Pathway to Induce Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Cells. Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev, 2014, 15, 3981–6.
Huang CY, Chen JY, Wu JE et al. Ling-Zhi polysaccharides potentiate cytotoxic effects of anticancer drugs against drug-resistant urothelial carcinoma cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Aug 11;58(15):8798-805.
Nonaka Y, Ishibashi H, Nakai M et al. Effects of the antlered form of Ganoderma lucidum on tumor growth and metastasis in cyclophosphamide-treated mice. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem, 2008, 72, 1399–1408.
Wu Q-P, Xie Y-Z, Li S-Z et al. Tumour cell adhesion and integrin expression affected by Ganoderma lucidum. Enzyme Microb, 2006, 40, 32–41.
Sliva D, Labarrere C, Slivova V et al. Ganoderma lucidum suppresses motility of highly invasive breast and prostate cancer cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun, 2002, 298, 603–12.
Cao LZ, Lin ZB. Antitumor and anti-angiogenic activity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide. Acta Pharmacol. Sin, 2004, 25, 833–8.
Cao LZ, Lin ZB. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide inhibits the growth of vascular endothelial cell and the induction of VEGF in human lung cancer cell. Life Sci, 2006, 78, 1457–63.
Xie JT, Wang CZ, Wicks S et al. Ganoderma lucidum extract inhibits proliferation of SW 480 human colorectal cancer cells.
Hsieh TC, Wu JM. Suppression of proliferation and oxidative stress by extracts of Ganoderma lucidum in the ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3. Int. J. Mol. Med, 2011, 28, 1065–9.
Pillai TG, Maurya DK, Salvi VP et al. Fungal beta glucan protects radiation induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes. Ann. Transl. Med, 2014, 2, 13.
Wang CZ, Basila D, Aung HH et al. Effects of Ganoderma lucidum extract on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in a rat model. Am. J. Chin. Med, 2005, 33, 807–15.
Zhou G, Liu H, Yuan Y et al. Lentinan progress in inflammatory diseases and tumor diseases. Eur J Med Res. 2024 Jan 3;29(1):8.
Zhu J, Zhou GP. Efficacy of lentinan combined with chemotherapy in advanced lung cancer. Chin J TCM WM Critical Care. 2011;18(1):37.
You J, Wu Q, Li Y, et al. Lentinan induces apoptosis of mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the EGR1/PTEN/AKT signaling axis. Oncol Rep. 2023;50(1):142.
Buurman R, Sandbothe M, Schlegelberger B et al. HDAC inhibition activates the apoptosome via Apaf1 upregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Med Res. 2016;21(1):26
Wakui A, Kasai M, Konno K et al. [Randomized study of lentinan on patients with advanced gastric and colorectal cancer. Tohoku Lentinan Study Group]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1986 Apr;13(4 Pt 1):1050-9.
Wang QC, Wang Q, Qu ZY. Effect of lentinan combination chemotherapy on serum IL-2, IL-6 and immune function in elderly patients with gastric cancer. Chin J Gerontol. 2018;38(7):1609–12.
Yan Q, Zhang YT, Zhang YL, et al. Protective effect of lentinan on toxic side effects of postoperative chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer. J South Med University. 2008;28(1):147–8.
Chen C, Shen LH, Liu F. Efficacy of lentinan adjuvant therapy on metastatic invasion and neovascularization in elderly advanced colorectal cancer. Chin J Aerosp Med. 2019;30(9):1113–4.
Dan A, Swain R, Belonce S et al. Therapeutic Effects of Medicinal Mushrooms on Gastric, Breast, and Colorectal Cancer: A Scoping Review. Cureus. 2023 Apr 14;15(4):e37574.
Ooi SL, Micalos PS, Pak SC. Modified Rice Bran Arabinoxylan by Lentinus edodes Mycelial Enzyme as an Immunoceutical for Health and Aging-A Comprehensive Literature Review. Molecules. 2023 Aug 29;28(17):6313.
Wu JY, Siu KC, Geng P. Bioactive Ingredients and Medicinal Values of Grifola frondosa (Maitake). Foods. 2021 Jan 5;10(1):95.
Alonso EN, Ferronato MJ, Fermento ME et al. Antitumoral and antimetastatic activity of Maitake D-Fraction in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Oncotarget. 2018 May 4;9(34):23396-412.
Cui F, Zan X, Li Y,et al. Grifola frondosa Glycoprotein GFG-3a Arrests S phase, Alters Proteome, and Induces Apoptosis in Human Gastric Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer. 2016;68(2):267-79.
Mao GH, Zhang ZH, Fei F et al. Effect of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide on anti-tumor activity in combination with 5-Fu in Heps-bearing mice. Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Jan;121:930-5.
Hu Q, Xie B. Effect of Maitake D-fraction in advanced laryngeal and pharyngeal cancers during concurrent chemoradiotherapy: A randomized clinical trial. Acta Biochim Pol. 2022 Sep 7;69(3):625-32.
Masuda Y., Inoue M., Miyata A. et al. Maitake beta-glucan enhances therapeutic effect and reduces myelosupression and nephrotoxicity of cisplatin in mice. Int. Immunopharmacol. 2009;9:620–6.
Li X., Zeng F., Huang Y. et al. The Positive Effects of Grifola frondosa Heteropolysaccharide on NAFLD and Regulation of the Gut Microbiota. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019;20:5302.
Lee J.S., Park S.-Y., Thapa D. et al. A. Grifola frondosa water extract alleviates intestinal inflammation by suppressing TNF-alpha production and its signaling. Exp. Mol. Med. 2010;42:143–154.
Kawai J., Mori K., Hirasawa N. Grifola frondosa extract and ergosterol reduce allergic reactions in an allergy mouse model by suppressing the degranulation of mast cells. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2019;83:2280–7.
Park H.S., Hwang Y.H. et al. Functional Polysaccharides from Grifola Frondosa Aqueous Extract Inhibit Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions in NC/Nga Mice. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2015;79:147–154.
Ulbricht C, Abrams TR, Bent S et al. Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum): Systematic Review by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. J. Soc. Integr. Oncol, 2010, 8, 148–59.
Lee SY, Rhee HM. Cardiovascular effects of mycelium extract of Ganoderma lucidum: inhibition of sympathetic outflow as a mechanism of its hypotensive action. Chem. Pharm. Bull, 1990, 38, 1359–64.
Yoon SY, Eo SK, Kim YS et al. Antimicrobial activity of Ganoderma lucidum extract alone and in combination with some antibiotics. Arch. Pharm. Res, 1994, 17, 438–42.
Toh DS, Limenta LM, Yee JY et al. Effect of mushroom diet on pharmacokinetics of gabapentin in healthy Chinese subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2014;78(1):129-34.
Guo WL, Shi FF, Li L et al. Preparation of a novel Grifola frondosa polysaccharide-chromium (III) complex and its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities in high fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Jun 15;131:81-8.
Konno S, Tortorelis D, Fullerton S et al. A possible hypoglycaemic effect of maitake mushroom on type 2 diabetic patients. Diabet Med. 2001;18(12):1010-1.
Hanselin M, Vande Griend J, Linnebur S. INR elevation with maitake extract in combination with warfarin. Ann Pharmacother. 2010;44(1):223-4.
Tang W, Gao Y, Chen G et al. A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study of a Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract in neurasthenia. J Med Food. 2005;8(1):53-8.
Khan H, Reyes JVM, Seen T et al. Herbal Supplement-Induced Liver Injury: A Case Report. Cureus. 2023 Jan 11;15(1):e33663.
Guedikian R, Kim B, Singh G et al. Ganoderma lingzhi (Reishi Mushroom)-Induced Acute Liver Injury in the Setting of Alcohol Use: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Sep 25;15(9):e45953.
Chihara G. Recent progress in immunopharmacology and therapeutic effects of polysaccharides. Dev Biol Stand. 1992;77:191-7.
Gordon M, Bihari B, Goolsby E et al. A placebo-controlled trial of the immune modulator, lentinan, in HIV-positive patients: a phase I/II trial. J Med. 1998;29:305-30.
Janušonytė E, Pünchera J. Shiitake Dermatitis. N Engl J Med. 2023 Oct 12;389(15):1415.
Boels D, Greillet C, Langrand J et al. Shiitake dermatitis: experience of the Poison Control Centre Network in France from 2014 to 2019. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2022 Aug;60(8):954-9.
Ulbricht C, Weissner W, Basch E et al. Maitake mushroom (Grifola frondosa): systematic review by the natural standard research collaboration. J Soc Integr Oncol. 2009 Spring;7(2):66-72.
Pinya S, Ferriol P, Tajeda S et al. Mushrooms reishi (Ganoderma lucidum), shiitake (Lentinela edodes), maitake (Grifola frondosa). Nonvitamin and Nonmineral Nutritional Supplements. Academic Press, 2019. p. 517-26.
Wasser SP. Medicinal mushrooms as a source of antitumor and immunomodulating polysaccharides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2002 Nov;60(3):258-74.
Wisitrassameewong K, Karunarathna SC, Thongklang N et al. Agaricus subrufescens: A review. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2012 Apr;19(2):131-46.
Sullivan R, Smith JE, Rowan NJ. Medicinal mushrooms and cancer therapy: translating a traditional practice into Western medicine. Perspect Biol Med. 2006 Spring;49(2):159-70.
Sanodiya BS, Thakur GS, Baghel RK et al. Ganoderma lucidum: a potent pharmacological macrofungus. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2009 Dec;10(8):717-42.
Chen HS, Tsai YF, Lin S et al. Studies on the immuno-modulating and anti-tumor activities of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) polysaccharides. Bioorg Med Chem. 2004 Nov 1;12(21):5595-601.
Salgado R, Junius S, Benoy I et al. Circulating interleukin-6 predicts survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 2003 Feb 20;103(5):642-6.
Shi Z, Yang WM, Chen LP et al. Enhanced chemosensitization in multidrug-resistant human breast cancer cells by inhibition of IL-6 and IL-8 production. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012 Oct;135(3):737-47.
Barbieri A, Quagliariello V, Del Vecchio V et al. Anticancer and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Ganoderma lucidum Extract Effects on Melanoma and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment. Nutrients. 2017 Feb 28;9(3):210.
Chen X, Hu ZP, Yang XX et al. Monitoring of immune responses to a herbal immuno-modulator in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Int. Immunopharmacol, 2006, 6, 499–508.
Gao Y, Zhou S, Jiang W et al. Effects of Ganopoly (A Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Extract) on the Immune Functions in Advanced-Stage Cancer Patients. Immunol. Invest, 2003, 32, 201–15.
Jin X, Ruiz Beguerie J, Sze DM et al. Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev, 2012, 6, CD007731.
Liang ZE, Yi YJ, Guo YT et al. Inhibition of migration and induction of apoptosis in LoVo human colon cancer cells by polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum. Mol Med Rep. 2015 Nov;12(5):7629-36.
Liang Z, Guo YT, Yi YJ et al. Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides Target a Fas/Caspase Dependent Pathway to Induce Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Cells. Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev, 2014, 15, 3981–6.
Huang CY, Chen JY, Wu JE et al. Ling-Zhi polysaccharides potentiate cytotoxic effects of anticancer drugs against drug-resistant urothelial carcinoma cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Aug 11;58(15):8798-805.
Nonaka Y, Ishibashi H, Nakai M et al. Effects of the antlered form of Ganoderma lucidum on tumor growth and metastasis in cyclophosphamide-treated mice. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem, 2008, 72, 1399–1408.
Wu Q-P, Xie Y-Z, Li S-Z et al. Tumour cell adhesion and integrin expression affected by Ganoderma lucidum. Enzyme Microb, 2006, 40, 32–41.
Sliva D, Labarrere C, Slivova V et al. Ganoderma lucidum suppresses motility of highly invasive breast and prostate cancer cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun, 2002, 298, 603–12.
Cao LZ, Lin ZB. Antitumor and anti-angiogenic activity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide. Acta Pharmacol. Sin, 2004, 25, 833–8.
Cao LZ, Lin ZB. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide inhibits the growth of vascular endothelial cell and the induction of VEGF in human lung cancer cell. Life Sci, 2006, 78, 1457–63.
Xie JT, Wang CZ, Wicks S et al. Ganoderma lucidum extract inhibits proliferation of SW 480 human colorectal cancer cells.
Hsieh TC, Wu JM. Suppression of proliferation and oxidative stress by extracts of Ganoderma lucidum in the ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3. Int. J. Mol. Med, 2011, 28, 1065–9.
Pillai TG, Maurya DK, Salvi VP et al. Fungal beta glucan protects radiation induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes. Ann. Transl. Med, 2014, 2, 13.
Wang CZ, Basila D, Aung HH et al. Effects of Ganoderma lucidum extract on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in a rat model. Am. J. Chin. Med, 2005, 33, 807–15.
Zhou G, Liu H, Yuan Y et al. Lentinan progress in inflammatory diseases and tumor diseases. Eur J Med Res. 2024 Jan 3;29(1):8.
Zhu J, Zhou GP. Efficacy of lentinan combined with chemotherapy in advanced lung cancer. Chin J TCM WM Critical Care. 2011;18(1):37.
You J, Wu Q, Li Y, et al. Lentinan induces apoptosis of mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the EGR1/PTEN/AKT signaling axis. Oncol Rep. 2023;50(1):142.
Buurman R, Sandbothe M, Schlegelberger B et al. HDAC inhibition activates the apoptosome via Apaf1 upregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Med Res. 2016;21(1):26
Wakui A, Kasai M, Konno K et al. [Randomized study of lentinan on patients with advanced gastric and colorectal cancer. Tohoku Lentinan Study Group]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1986 Apr;13(4 Pt 1):1050-9.
Wang QC, Wang Q, Qu ZY. Effect of lentinan combination chemotherapy on serum IL-2, IL-6 and immune function in elderly patients with gastric cancer. Chin J Gerontol. 2018;38(7):1609–12.
Yan Q, Zhang YT, Zhang YL, et al. Protective effect of lentinan on toxic side effects of postoperative chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer. J South Med University. 2008;28(1):147–8.
Chen C, Shen LH, Liu F. Efficacy of lentinan adjuvant therapy on metastatic invasion and neovascularization in elderly advanced colorectal cancer. Chin J Aerosp Med. 2019;30(9):1113–4.
Dan A, Swain R, Belonce S et al. Therapeutic Effects of Medicinal Mushrooms on Gastric, Breast, and Colorectal Cancer: A Scoping Review. Cureus. 2023 Apr 14;15(4):e37574.
Ooi SL, Micalos PS, Pak SC. Modified Rice Bran Arabinoxylan by Lentinus edodes Mycelial Enzyme as an Immunoceutical for Health and Aging-A Comprehensive Literature Review. Molecules. 2023 Aug 29;28(17):6313.
Wu JY, Siu KC, Geng P. Bioactive Ingredients and Medicinal Values of Grifola frondosa (Maitake). Foods. 2021 Jan 5;10(1):95.
Alonso EN, Ferronato MJ, Fermento ME et al. Antitumoral and antimetastatic activity of Maitake D-Fraction in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Oncotarget. 2018 May 4;9(34):23396-412.
Cui F, Zan X, Li Y,et al. Grifola frondosa Glycoprotein GFG-3a Arrests S phase, Alters Proteome, and Induces Apoptosis in Human Gastric Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer. 2016;68(2):267-79.
Mao GH, Zhang ZH, Fei F et al. Effect of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide on anti-tumor activity in combination with 5-Fu in Heps-bearing mice. Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Jan;121:930-5.
Hu Q, Xie B. Effect of Maitake D-fraction in advanced laryngeal and pharyngeal cancers during concurrent chemoradiotherapy: A randomized clinical trial. Acta Biochim Pol. 2022 Sep 7;69(3):625-32.
Masuda Y., Inoue M., Miyata A. et al. Maitake beta-glucan enhances therapeutic effect and reduces myelosupression and nephrotoxicity of cisplatin in mice. Int. Immunopharmacol. 2009;9:620–6.
Li X., Zeng F., Huang Y. et al. The Positive Effects of Grifola frondosa Heteropolysaccharide on NAFLD and Regulation of the Gut Microbiota. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019;20:5302.
Lee J.S., Park S.-Y., Thapa D. et al. A. Grifola frondosa water extract alleviates intestinal inflammation by suppressing TNF-alpha production and its signaling. Exp. Mol. Med. 2010;42:143–154.
Kawai J., Mori K., Hirasawa N. Grifola frondosa extract and ergosterol reduce allergic reactions in an allergy mouse model by suppressing the degranulation of mast cells. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2019;83:2280–7.
Park H.S., Hwang Y.H. et al. Functional Polysaccharides from Grifola Frondosa Aqueous Extract Inhibit Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions in NC/Nga Mice. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2015;79:147–154.
Ulbricht C, Abrams TR, Bent S et al. Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum): Systematic Review by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. J. Soc. Integr. Oncol, 2010, 8, 148–59.
Lee SY, Rhee HM. Cardiovascular effects of mycelium extract of Ganoderma lucidum: inhibition of sympathetic outflow as a mechanism of its hypotensive action. Chem. Pharm. Bull, 1990, 38, 1359–64.
Yoon SY, Eo SK, Kim YS et al. Antimicrobial activity of Ganoderma lucidum extract alone and in combination with some antibiotics. Arch. Pharm. Res, 1994, 17, 438–42.
Toh DS, Limenta LM, Yee JY et al. Effect of mushroom diet on pharmacokinetics of gabapentin in healthy Chinese subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2014;78(1):129-34.
Guo WL, Shi FF, Li L et al. Preparation of a novel Grifola frondosa polysaccharide-chromium (III) complex and its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities in high fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Jun 15;131:81-8.
Konno S, Tortorelis D, Fullerton S et al. A possible hypoglycaemic effect of maitake mushroom on type 2 diabetic patients. Diabet Med. 2001;18(12):1010-1.
Hanselin M, Vande Griend J, Linnebur S. INR elevation with maitake extract in combination with warfarin. Ann Pharmacother. 2010;44(1):223-4.
Tang W, Gao Y, Chen G et al. A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study of a Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract in neurasthenia. J Med Food. 2005;8(1):53-8.
Khan H, Reyes JVM, Seen T et al. Herbal Supplement-Induced Liver Injury: A Case Report. Cureus. 2023 Jan 11;15(1):e33663.
Guedikian R, Kim B, Singh G et al. Ganoderma lingzhi (Reishi Mushroom)-Induced Acute Liver Injury in the Setting of Alcohol Use: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Sep 25;15(9):e45953.
Chihara G. Recent progress in immunopharmacology and therapeutic effects of polysaccharides. Dev Biol Stand. 1992;77:191-7.
Gordon M, Bihari B, Goolsby E et al. A placebo-controlled trial of the immune modulator, lentinan, in HIV-positive patients: a phase I/II trial. J Med. 1998;29:305-30.
Janušonytė E, Pünchera J. Shiitake Dermatitis. N Engl J Med. 2023 Oct 12;389(15):1415.
Boels D, Greillet C, Langrand J et al. Shiitake dermatitis: experience of the Poison Control Centre Network in France from 2014 to 2019. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2022 Aug;60(8):954-9.
Ulbricht C, Weissner W, Basch E et al. Maitake mushroom (Grifola frondosa): systematic review by the natural standard research collaboration. J Soc Integr Oncol. 2009 Spring;7(2):66-72.
Pages
251-258
Published
March 11, 2024
Copyright (c) 2024 Academician Publishing Book Portal
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1.
Coşkun A. Reişi Mantarı (Reishi Shiitake Maitake). In: Sakin A, editor. Kanser Hastalarının Başvurduğu Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tedaviler - Tıbbi Onkolog Gözü ile Bakış ve Onkolojik İlaçlarla Etkileşim [Internet]. Türkiye: Academician Publishing Book DOI Portal; 2024 [cited 2026 Jul. 13]. pp. 251-8. Available from: https://omp35.books.akademisyen.net/index.php/akya/catalog/book/2380/chapter/13925
